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How to explain physician compounding to legislators
In Ohio, new limits on drug compounding in physicians’ offices went into effect in April and have become a real hindrance to care for dermatology patients. The State of Ohio Board of Pharmacy has defined compounding as combining two or more prescription drugs and has required that physicians who perform this “compounding” must obtain a “Terminal Distributor of Dangerous Drugs” license. Ohio is the “test state,” and these rules, unless vigorously opposed, will be coming to your state.
[polldaddy:9779752]
The rules state that “compounded” drugs used within 6 hours of preparation must be prepared in a designated clean medication area with proper hand hygiene and the use of powder-free gloves. “Compounded” drugs that are used more than 6 hours after preparation, require a designated clean room with access limited to authorized personnel, environmental control devices such as a laminar flow hood, and additional equipment and training of personnel to maintain an aseptic environment. A separate license is required for each office location.
The state pharmacy boards are eager to restrict physicians – as well as dentists and veterinarians – and to collect annual licensing fees. Additionally, according to an article from the Ohio State Medical Association, noncompliant physicians can be fined by the pharmacy board.
We are talking big money, power, and dreams of clinical relevancy (and billable activities) here.
What can dermatologists do to prevent this regulatory overreach? I encourage you to plan a visit to your state representative, where you can demonstrate how these restrictions affect you and your patients – an exercise that should be both fun and compelling. All you need to illustrate your case is a simple kit that includes a syringe (but no needles in the statehouse!), a bottle of lidocaine with epinephrine, a bottle of 8.4% bicarbonate, alcohol pads, and gloves.
First, explain to your audience that there is a skin cancer epidemic with more than 5.4 million new cases a year and that, over the past 20 years, the incidence of skin cancer has doubled and is projected to double again over the next 20 years. Further, explain that dermatologists treat more than 70% of these cases in the office setting, under local anesthesia, at a huge cost savings to the public and government (it costs an average of 12 times as much to remove these cancers in the outpatient department at the hospital). Remember, states foot most of the bill for Medicaid and Medicare gap indigent coverage.
Take the bottle of lidocaine with epinephrine and open the syringe pack (Staffers love this demonstration; everyone is fascinated with shots.). Put on your gloves, wipe the top of the lidocaine bottle with an alcohol swab, and explain that this medicine is the anesthetic preferred for skin cancer surgery. Explain how it not only numbs the skin, but also causes vasoconstriction, so that the cancer can be easily and safely removed in the office.
Then explain that, in order for the epinephrine to be stable, the solution has to be very acidic (a pH of 4.2, in fact). Explain that this makes it burn like hell unless you add 0.1 cc per cc of 8.4% bicarbonate, in which case the perceived pain on a 10-point scale will drop from 8 to 2. Then pick up the bottle of bicarbonate and explain that you will no longer be able to mix these two components anymore without a “Terminal Distributor of Dangerous Drugs” license because your state pharmacy board considers this compounding. Your representative is likely to give you looks of astonishment, disbelief, and then a dawning realization of the absurdity of the situation.
Follow-up questions may include “Why can’t you buy buffered lidocaine with epinephrine from the compounding pharmacy?” Easy answer: because each patient needs an individual prescription, and you may not know in advance which patient will need it, and how much the patient will need, and it becomes unstable once it has been buffered. It also will cost the patient $45 per 5-cc syringe, and it will be degraded by the time the patient returns from the compounding pharmacy. Explain further that it costs you only 84 cents to make a 5-cc syringe of buffered lidocaine; that some patients may need as many as 10 syringes; and that these costs are all included in the surgery (free!) if the physician draws it up in the office.
A simple summary is – less pain, less cost – and no history of infections or complications.
It is an eye-opener when you demonstrate how ridiculous the compounding rules being imposed are for physicians and patients. I’ve used this demonstration at the state and federal legislative level, and more recently, at the Food and Drug Administration.
If you get the chance, when a state legislator is in your office, become an advocate for your patients and fellow physicians. Make sure physician offices are excluded from these definitions of com
This column was updated June 22, 2017.
Dr. Coldiron is in private practice but maintains a clinical assistant professorship at the University of Cincinnati. He cares for patients, teaches medical students and residents, and has several active clinical research projects. Dr. Coldiron is the author of more than 80 scientific letters, papers, and several book chapters, and he speaks frequently on a variety of topics. He is a past president of the American Academy of Dermatology. Write to him at dermnews@frontlinemedcom.com.
In Ohio, new limits on drug compounding in physicians’ offices went into effect in April and have become a real hindrance to care for dermatology patients. The State of Ohio Board of Pharmacy has defined compounding as combining two or more prescription drugs and has required that physicians who perform this “compounding” must obtain a “Terminal Distributor of Dangerous Drugs” license. Ohio is the “test state,” and these rules, unless vigorously opposed, will be coming to your state.
[polldaddy:9779752]
The rules state that “compounded” drugs used within 6 hours of preparation must be prepared in a designated clean medication area with proper hand hygiene and the use of powder-free gloves. “Compounded” drugs that are used more than 6 hours after preparation, require a designated clean room with access limited to authorized personnel, environmental control devices such as a laminar flow hood, and additional equipment and training of personnel to maintain an aseptic environment. A separate license is required for each office location.
The state pharmacy boards are eager to restrict physicians – as well as dentists and veterinarians – and to collect annual licensing fees. Additionally, according to an article from the Ohio State Medical Association, noncompliant physicians can be fined by the pharmacy board.
We are talking big money, power, and dreams of clinical relevancy (and billable activities) here.
What can dermatologists do to prevent this regulatory overreach? I encourage you to plan a visit to your state representative, where you can demonstrate how these restrictions affect you and your patients – an exercise that should be both fun and compelling. All you need to illustrate your case is a simple kit that includes a syringe (but no needles in the statehouse!), a bottle of lidocaine with epinephrine, a bottle of 8.4% bicarbonate, alcohol pads, and gloves.
First, explain to your audience that there is a skin cancer epidemic with more than 5.4 million new cases a year and that, over the past 20 years, the incidence of skin cancer has doubled and is projected to double again over the next 20 years. Further, explain that dermatologists treat more than 70% of these cases in the office setting, under local anesthesia, at a huge cost savings to the public and government (it costs an average of 12 times as much to remove these cancers in the outpatient department at the hospital). Remember, states foot most of the bill for Medicaid and Medicare gap indigent coverage.
Take the bottle of lidocaine with epinephrine and open the syringe pack (Staffers love this demonstration; everyone is fascinated with shots.). Put on your gloves, wipe the top of the lidocaine bottle with an alcohol swab, and explain that this medicine is the anesthetic preferred for skin cancer surgery. Explain how it not only numbs the skin, but also causes vasoconstriction, so that the cancer can be easily and safely removed in the office.
Then explain that, in order for the epinephrine to be stable, the solution has to be very acidic (a pH of 4.2, in fact). Explain that this makes it burn like hell unless you add 0.1 cc per cc of 8.4% bicarbonate, in which case the perceived pain on a 10-point scale will drop from 8 to 2. Then pick up the bottle of bicarbonate and explain that you will no longer be able to mix these two components anymore without a “Terminal Distributor of Dangerous Drugs” license because your state pharmacy board considers this compounding. Your representative is likely to give you looks of astonishment, disbelief, and then a dawning realization of the absurdity of the situation.
Follow-up questions may include “Why can’t you buy buffered lidocaine with epinephrine from the compounding pharmacy?” Easy answer: because each patient needs an individual prescription, and you may not know in advance which patient will need it, and how much the patient will need, and it becomes unstable once it has been buffered. It also will cost the patient $45 per 5-cc syringe, and it will be degraded by the time the patient returns from the compounding pharmacy. Explain further that it costs you only 84 cents to make a 5-cc syringe of buffered lidocaine; that some patients may need as many as 10 syringes; and that these costs are all included in the surgery (free!) if the physician draws it up in the office.
A simple summary is – less pain, less cost – and no history of infections or complications.
It is an eye-opener when you demonstrate how ridiculous the compounding rules being imposed are for physicians and patients. I’ve used this demonstration at the state and federal legislative level, and more recently, at the Food and Drug Administration.
If you get the chance, when a state legislator is in your office, become an advocate for your patients and fellow physicians. Make sure physician offices are excluded from these definitions of com
This column was updated June 22, 2017.
Dr. Coldiron is in private practice but maintains a clinical assistant professorship at the University of Cincinnati. He cares for patients, teaches medical students and residents, and has several active clinical research projects. Dr. Coldiron is the author of more than 80 scientific letters, papers, and several book chapters, and he speaks frequently on a variety of topics. He is a past president of the American Academy of Dermatology. Write to him at dermnews@frontlinemedcom.com.
In Ohio, new limits on drug compounding in physicians’ offices went into effect in April and have become a real hindrance to care for dermatology patients. The State of Ohio Board of Pharmacy has defined compounding as combining two or more prescription drugs and has required that physicians who perform this “compounding” must obtain a “Terminal Distributor of Dangerous Drugs” license. Ohio is the “test state,” and these rules, unless vigorously opposed, will be coming to your state.
[polldaddy:9779752]
The rules state that “compounded” drugs used within 6 hours of preparation must be prepared in a designated clean medication area with proper hand hygiene and the use of powder-free gloves. “Compounded” drugs that are used more than 6 hours after preparation, require a designated clean room with access limited to authorized personnel, environmental control devices such as a laminar flow hood, and additional equipment and training of personnel to maintain an aseptic environment. A separate license is required for each office location.
The state pharmacy boards are eager to restrict physicians – as well as dentists and veterinarians – and to collect annual licensing fees. Additionally, according to an article from the Ohio State Medical Association, noncompliant physicians can be fined by the pharmacy board.
We are talking big money, power, and dreams of clinical relevancy (and billable activities) here.
What can dermatologists do to prevent this regulatory overreach? I encourage you to plan a visit to your state representative, where you can demonstrate how these restrictions affect you and your patients – an exercise that should be both fun and compelling. All you need to illustrate your case is a simple kit that includes a syringe (but no needles in the statehouse!), a bottle of lidocaine with epinephrine, a bottle of 8.4% bicarbonate, alcohol pads, and gloves.
First, explain to your audience that there is a skin cancer epidemic with more than 5.4 million new cases a year and that, over the past 20 years, the incidence of skin cancer has doubled and is projected to double again over the next 20 years. Further, explain that dermatologists treat more than 70% of these cases in the office setting, under local anesthesia, at a huge cost savings to the public and government (it costs an average of 12 times as much to remove these cancers in the outpatient department at the hospital). Remember, states foot most of the bill for Medicaid and Medicare gap indigent coverage.
Take the bottle of lidocaine with epinephrine and open the syringe pack (Staffers love this demonstration; everyone is fascinated with shots.). Put on your gloves, wipe the top of the lidocaine bottle with an alcohol swab, and explain that this medicine is the anesthetic preferred for skin cancer surgery. Explain how it not only numbs the skin, but also causes vasoconstriction, so that the cancer can be easily and safely removed in the office.
Then explain that, in order for the epinephrine to be stable, the solution has to be very acidic (a pH of 4.2, in fact). Explain that this makes it burn like hell unless you add 0.1 cc per cc of 8.4% bicarbonate, in which case the perceived pain on a 10-point scale will drop from 8 to 2. Then pick up the bottle of bicarbonate and explain that you will no longer be able to mix these two components anymore without a “Terminal Distributor of Dangerous Drugs” license because your state pharmacy board considers this compounding. Your representative is likely to give you looks of astonishment, disbelief, and then a dawning realization of the absurdity of the situation.
Follow-up questions may include “Why can’t you buy buffered lidocaine with epinephrine from the compounding pharmacy?” Easy answer: because each patient needs an individual prescription, and you may not know in advance which patient will need it, and how much the patient will need, and it becomes unstable once it has been buffered. It also will cost the patient $45 per 5-cc syringe, and it will be degraded by the time the patient returns from the compounding pharmacy. Explain further that it costs you only 84 cents to make a 5-cc syringe of buffered lidocaine; that some patients may need as many as 10 syringes; and that these costs are all included in the surgery (free!) if the physician draws it up in the office.
A simple summary is – less pain, less cost – and no history of infections or complications.
It is an eye-opener when you demonstrate how ridiculous the compounding rules being imposed are for physicians and patients. I’ve used this demonstration at the state and federal legislative level, and more recently, at the Food and Drug Administration.
If you get the chance, when a state legislator is in your office, become an advocate for your patients and fellow physicians. Make sure physician offices are excluded from these definitions of com
This column was updated June 22, 2017.
Dr. Coldiron is in private practice but maintains a clinical assistant professorship at the University of Cincinnati. He cares for patients, teaches medical students and residents, and has several active clinical research projects. Dr. Coldiron is the author of more than 80 scientific letters, papers, and several book chapters, and he speaks frequently on a variety of topics. He is a past president of the American Academy of Dermatology. Write to him at dermnews@frontlinemedcom.com.
Treating Acne Scars Can Improve Aesthetics, Quality of Life
ORLANDO, FLORIDA — For some people, acne carries a one-two punch. First, they experience acne that is significant enough to decrease their quality of life, followed by scarring that can last a lifetime. For those patients, dermatologists have several options: Subcision to lift the depression of the scar, laser treatment to lower the height of scar tissue, and injections to fill scars.
“In my practice, I find that ,” Robyn Siperstein, MD, said at the annual ODAC Dermatology, Aesthetic & Surgical Conference.
Dr. Siperstein starts by identifying the type of acne scar — rolling scars, boxcar scars, or ice pick scars. Rolling scars tend to be shallower with no sharp edges; boxcar scars are deeper, more defined round or oval depressions; and ice pick scars, as the name suggests, look like someone stuck tiny ice picks into the skin, leaving a sunken or pitted appearance.
“It’s really important to categorize so that we know which ones are going to be effectively treated with different modalities and which ones aren’t, so that we can give our patients realistic expectations,” said Dr. Siperstein, a cosmetic dermatologist in private practice in Boca Raton, Florida, and a clinical affiliate associate professor of dermatology at Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton.
“There’s not going to be one treatment that’s right for everything,” she said. Different approaches may be required even for the same patient because some people present with all three types of acne scars, she added.
[embed:render:related:node:262636]
Combining Treatments
When it comes to injecting dermal fillers into acne scars to lift the depressed areas, the US Food and Drug Administration approved a filler with polymethyl methacrylate filler and bovine collagen (Bellafill) for this indication (moderate to severe, atrophic, distensible facial acne scars on the cheek in patients over age 21) in 2015. “And off-label, I use hyaluronic acid in my practice,” Dr. Siperstein said. Each filler “probably works a little bit better or differently on different types of scars.”
For rolling scars, she recommends hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal filler for everyone. “Of course, this is my opinion.” She was also a lead investigator in a randomized, placebo-controlled split-face study comparing HA filler with saline for correcting atrophic facial scars in 15 patients. The HA filler emerged superior, although there were some improvements with saline.
In her clinical experience, patients are happy with the results and ask, “Why didn’t the last four doctors do this?”
Boxcar scars are more challenging to fill with HA. In some cases, Dr. Siperstein is able to raise the depressed portion of the scar, but some of the vertical edges remain. In this scenario, she might combine treatments. Laser resurfacing, for example, might help convert boxcar scars into rolling scars, which then can be filled more successfully.
“Ice pick scars are tough,” Dr. Siperstein said. A punch removal technique can work in some cases, or she might try the “cross technique.” This involves placing acetic acid inside the scar using a Q-tip. “You have to be really careful,” she added, “because if you get it around the edges, it’s actually going to make the scar bigger.”
Choosing the Right Candidates
Selecting the right candidate for HA treatment of acne scars is essential. Dr. Siperstein shared the example of a lifeguard who had prominent acne scarring down the center of his chest. “He was embarrassed to go to the beach and take off his shirt. He said he felt like he had bullet holes in his chest.”
One month following treatment, “he had a really nice improvement, and now he feels really comfortable,” she said.
Some dermatologists might be reluctant to consider HA fillers for acne scarring because there is a misconception that HA is short-acting, lasting 6 months to 1 year before the effect wears off. That impression can persist from company-sponsored studies that limit follow-up to 6 months or 1 year “to get their drug to market,” she noted.
Also adding to this impression is that HA fillers in wrinkles may not last as long. Dr. Siperstein explained that wrinkles on the face are dynamic and constantly moving. In contrast, acne scars experience less movement, which helps the HA last longer. There is MRI evidence that shows HA fillers last over 2 years in the face, she added.
One tip to predict how well an acne scar might respond to filler injections is to squeeze it and look for the “dimple sign.” If the floor of the scar lifts up when squeezed, “we know that they’ll be a good candidate for hyaluronic acid filler.” Another tip is to inject HA in a retrograde technique high up in the skin. Inject tiny amounts — microdroplets — of the HA filler high on the dermis, she advised.
Deeper injections run the risk of raising the entire scar instead of filling it, she added.
Like many dermatologic procedures, before and after photos are essential to demonstrate improvements, Dr. Siperstein pointed out. Patients are often skeptical. “This happens a lot with acne scar patients. They’ve been to a million places that have promised results, they have not gotten them, and they are frustrated.”
Acne scars can result from picking, inflammation, or treatment. “This is what we see all day in clinic,” Dr. Siperstein said. “Somebody who had to undergo Accutane treatment but unfortunately is left with holes. This is a huge psychological burden on our patients,” she said, describing a younger patient who had scarring, which “led to depression — it was ruining his life.”
“His mom was willing to do whatever it took. And I said, You know what, I think filler will be enough,” Dr. Siperstein said. She counseled them that treatment would not make the scars disappear completely. But patients used to 10% improvements are very happy when their acne scars look 80% or 90% better, she added.
Dr. Siperstein received grant or research support and is a member of the speakers bureau for Allergan and Galderma. She is also a consultant/advisory board member for Allergan.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
ORLANDO, FLORIDA — For some people, acne carries a one-two punch. First, they experience acne that is significant enough to decrease their quality of life, followed by scarring that can last a lifetime. For those patients, dermatologists have several options: Subcision to lift the depression of the scar, laser treatment to lower the height of scar tissue, and injections to fill scars.
“In my practice, I find that ,” Robyn Siperstein, MD, said at the annual ODAC Dermatology, Aesthetic & Surgical Conference.
Dr. Siperstein starts by identifying the type of acne scar — rolling scars, boxcar scars, or ice pick scars. Rolling scars tend to be shallower with no sharp edges; boxcar scars are deeper, more defined round or oval depressions; and ice pick scars, as the name suggests, look like someone stuck tiny ice picks into the skin, leaving a sunken or pitted appearance.
“It’s really important to categorize so that we know which ones are going to be effectively treated with different modalities and which ones aren’t, so that we can give our patients realistic expectations,” said Dr. Siperstein, a cosmetic dermatologist in private practice in Boca Raton, Florida, and a clinical affiliate associate professor of dermatology at Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton.
“There’s not going to be one treatment that’s right for everything,” she said. Different approaches may be required even for the same patient because some people present with all three types of acne scars, she added.
[embed:render:related:node:262636]
Combining Treatments
When it comes to injecting dermal fillers into acne scars to lift the depressed areas, the US Food and Drug Administration approved a filler with polymethyl methacrylate filler and bovine collagen (Bellafill) for this indication (moderate to severe, atrophic, distensible facial acne scars on the cheek in patients over age 21) in 2015. “And off-label, I use hyaluronic acid in my practice,” Dr. Siperstein said. Each filler “probably works a little bit better or differently on different types of scars.”
For rolling scars, she recommends hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal filler for everyone. “Of course, this is my opinion.” She was also a lead investigator in a randomized, placebo-controlled split-face study comparing HA filler with saline for correcting atrophic facial scars in 15 patients. The HA filler emerged superior, although there were some improvements with saline.
In her clinical experience, patients are happy with the results and ask, “Why didn’t the last four doctors do this?”
Boxcar scars are more challenging to fill with HA. In some cases, Dr. Siperstein is able to raise the depressed portion of the scar, but some of the vertical edges remain. In this scenario, she might combine treatments. Laser resurfacing, for example, might help convert boxcar scars into rolling scars, which then can be filled more successfully.
“Ice pick scars are tough,” Dr. Siperstein said. A punch removal technique can work in some cases, or she might try the “cross technique.” This involves placing acetic acid inside the scar using a Q-tip. “You have to be really careful,” she added, “because if you get it around the edges, it’s actually going to make the scar bigger.”
Choosing the Right Candidates
Selecting the right candidate for HA treatment of acne scars is essential. Dr. Siperstein shared the example of a lifeguard who had prominent acne scarring down the center of his chest. “He was embarrassed to go to the beach and take off his shirt. He said he felt like he had bullet holes in his chest.”
One month following treatment, “he had a really nice improvement, and now he feels really comfortable,” she said.
Some dermatologists might be reluctant to consider HA fillers for acne scarring because there is a misconception that HA is short-acting, lasting 6 months to 1 year before the effect wears off. That impression can persist from company-sponsored studies that limit follow-up to 6 months or 1 year “to get their drug to market,” she noted.
Also adding to this impression is that HA fillers in wrinkles may not last as long. Dr. Siperstein explained that wrinkles on the face are dynamic and constantly moving. In contrast, acne scars experience less movement, which helps the HA last longer. There is MRI evidence that shows HA fillers last over 2 years in the face, she added.
One tip to predict how well an acne scar might respond to filler injections is to squeeze it and look for the “dimple sign.” If the floor of the scar lifts up when squeezed, “we know that they’ll be a good candidate for hyaluronic acid filler.” Another tip is to inject HA in a retrograde technique high up in the skin. Inject tiny amounts — microdroplets — of the HA filler high on the dermis, she advised.
Deeper injections run the risk of raising the entire scar instead of filling it, she added.
Like many dermatologic procedures, before and after photos are essential to demonstrate improvements, Dr. Siperstein pointed out. Patients are often skeptical. “This happens a lot with acne scar patients. They’ve been to a million places that have promised results, they have not gotten them, and they are frustrated.”
Acne scars can result from picking, inflammation, or treatment. “This is what we see all day in clinic,” Dr. Siperstein said. “Somebody who had to undergo Accutane treatment but unfortunately is left with holes. This is a huge psychological burden on our patients,” she said, describing a younger patient who had scarring, which “led to depression — it was ruining his life.”
“His mom was willing to do whatever it took. And I said, You know what, I think filler will be enough,” Dr. Siperstein said. She counseled them that treatment would not make the scars disappear completely. But patients used to 10% improvements are very happy when their acne scars look 80% or 90% better, she added.
Dr. Siperstein received grant or research support and is a member of the speakers bureau for Allergan and Galderma. She is also a consultant/advisory board member for Allergan.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
ORLANDO, FLORIDA — For some people, acne carries a one-two punch. First, they experience acne that is significant enough to decrease their quality of life, followed by scarring that can last a lifetime. For those patients, dermatologists have several options: Subcision to lift the depression of the scar, laser treatment to lower the height of scar tissue, and injections to fill scars.
“In my practice, I find that ,” Robyn Siperstein, MD, said at the annual ODAC Dermatology, Aesthetic & Surgical Conference.
Dr. Siperstein starts by identifying the type of acne scar — rolling scars, boxcar scars, or ice pick scars. Rolling scars tend to be shallower with no sharp edges; boxcar scars are deeper, more defined round or oval depressions; and ice pick scars, as the name suggests, look like someone stuck tiny ice picks into the skin, leaving a sunken or pitted appearance.
“It’s really important to categorize so that we know which ones are going to be effectively treated with different modalities and which ones aren’t, so that we can give our patients realistic expectations,” said Dr. Siperstein, a cosmetic dermatologist in private practice in Boca Raton, Florida, and a clinical affiliate associate professor of dermatology at Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton.
“There’s not going to be one treatment that’s right for everything,” she said. Different approaches may be required even for the same patient because some people present with all three types of acne scars, she added.
[embed:render:related:node:262636]
Combining Treatments
When it comes to injecting dermal fillers into acne scars to lift the depressed areas, the US Food and Drug Administration approved a filler with polymethyl methacrylate filler and bovine collagen (Bellafill) for this indication (moderate to severe, atrophic, distensible facial acne scars on the cheek in patients over age 21) in 2015. “And off-label, I use hyaluronic acid in my practice,” Dr. Siperstein said. Each filler “probably works a little bit better or differently on different types of scars.”
For rolling scars, she recommends hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal filler for everyone. “Of course, this is my opinion.” She was also a lead investigator in a randomized, placebo-controlled split-face study comparing HA filler with saline for correcting atrophic facial scars in 15 patients. The HA filler emerged superior, although there were some improvements with saline.
In her clinical experience, patients are happy with the results and ask, “Why didn’t the last four doctors do this?”
Boxcar scars are more challenging to fill with HA. In some cases, Dr. Siperstein is able to raise the depressed portion of the scar, but some of the vertical edges remain. In this scenario, she might combine treatments. Laser resurfacing, for example, might help convert boxcar scars into rolling scars, which then can be filled more successfully.
“Ice pick scars are tough,” Dr. Siperstein said. A punch removal technique can work in some cases, or she might try the “cross technique.” This involves placing acetic acid inside the scar using a Q-tip. “You have to be really careful,” she added, “because if you get it around the edges, it’s actually going to make the scar bigger.”
Choosing the Right Candidates
Selecting the right candidate for HA treatment of acne scars is essential. Dr. Siperstein shared the example of a lifeguard who had prominent acne scarring down the center of his chest. “He was embarrassed to go to the beach and take off his shirt. He said he felt like he had bullet holes in his chest.”
One month following treatment, “he had a really nice improvement, and now he feels really comfortable,” she said.
Some dermatologists might be reluctant to consider HA fillers for acne scarring because there is a misconception that HA is short-acting, lasting 6 months to 1 year before the effect wears off. That impression can persist from company-sponsored studies that limit follow-up to 6 months or 1 year “to get their drug to market,” she noted.
Also adding to this impression is that HA fillers in wrinkles may not last as long. Dr. Siperstein explained that wrinkles on the face are dynamic and constantly moving. In contrast, acne scars experience less movement, which helps the HA last longer. There is MRI evidence that shows HA fillers last over 2 years in the face, she added.
One tip to predict how well an acne scar might respond to filler injections is to squeeze it and look for the “dimple sign.” If the floor of the scar lifts up when squeezed, “we know that they’ll be a good candidate for hyaluronic acid filler.” Another tip is to inject HA in a retrograde technique high up in the skin. Inject tiny amounts — microdroplets — of the HA filler high on the dermis, she advised.
Deeper injections run the risk of raising the entire scar instead of filling it, she added.
Like many dermatologic procedures, before and after photos are essential to demonstrate improvements, Dr. Siperstein pointed out. Patients are often skeptical. “This happens a lot with acne scar patients. They’ve been to a million places that have promised results, they have not gotten them, and they are frustrated.”
Acne scars can result from picking, inflammation, or treatment. “This is what we see all day in clinic,” Dr. Siperstein said. “Somebody who had to undergo Accutane treatment but unfortunately is left with holes. This is a huge psychological burden on our patients,” she said, describing a younger patient who had scarring, which “led to depression — it was ruining his life.”
“His mom was willing to do whatever it took. And I said, You know what, I think filler will be enough,” Dr. Siperstein said. She counseled them that treatment would not make the scars disappear completely. But patients used to 10% improvements are very happy when their acne scars look 80% or 90% better, she added.
Dr. Siperstein received grant or research support and is a member of the speakers bureau for Allergan and Galderma. She is also a consultant/advisory board member for Allergan.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
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<root generator="drupal.xsl" gversion="1.7"> <header> <fileName>166785</fileName> <TBEID>0C04E597.SIG</TBEID> <TBUniqueIdentifier>MD_0C04E597</TBUniqueIdentifier> <newsOrJournal>News</newsOrJournal> <publisherName>Frontline Medical Communications</publisherName> <storyname/> <articleType>2</articleType> <TBLocation>QC Done-All Pubs</TBLocation> <QCDate>20240201T110753</QCDate> <firstPublished>20240201T111211</firstPublished> <LastPublished>20240201T111211</LastPublished> <pubStatus qcode="stat:"/> <embargoDate/> <killDate/> <CMSDate>20240201T111210</CMSDate> <articleSource/> <facebookInfo/> <meetingNumber>4911-24</meetingNumber> <byline>Damian McNamara</byline> <bylineText>DAMIAN MCNAMARA</bylineText> <bylineFull>DAMIAN MCNAMARA</bylineFull> <bylineTitleText/> <USOrGlobal/> <wireDocType/> <newsDocType/> <journalDocType/> <linkLabel/> <pageRange/> <citation/> <quizID/> <indexIssueDate/> <itemClass qcode="ninat:text"/> <provider qcode="provider:imng"> <name>IMNG Medical Media</name> <rightsInfo> <copyrightHolder> <name>Frontline Medical News</name> </copyrightHolder> <copyrightNotice>Copyright (c) 2015 Frontline Medical News, a Frontline Medical Communications Inc. company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>these [acne scars] are probably the hardest things to treat. But along the way, I created a protocol that I would love to share with you today</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>Different approaches may be required even for the same patient because some people present with all three types of acne scars, said Robyn Siperstein, MD. </teaser> <title>Treating Acne Scars Can Improve Aesthetics, Quality of Life</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>fp</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>im</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>pn</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term canonical="true">13</term> <term>15</term> <term>21</term> <term>25</term> </publications> <sections> <term>53</term> <term canonical="true">39313</term> </sections> <topics> <term canonical="true">171</term> <term>40695</term> <term>271</term> <term>203</term> <term>176</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>Treating Acne Scars Can Improve Aesthetics, Quality of Life</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <p><br/><br/>FROM ODAC 2024 <br/><br/><span class="dateline">ORLANDO, FLORIDA</span> — For some people, acne carries a one-two punch. First, they experience acne that is significant enough to decrease their quality of life, followed by scarring that can last a lifetime. For those patients, dermatologists have several options: Subcision to lift the <span class="Hyperlink">depression</span> of the scar, laser treatment to lower the height of scar tissue, and injections to fill scars.<br/><br/>“In my practice, I find that <span class="tag metaDescription">these [acne scars] are probably the hardest things to treat. But along the way, I created a protocol that I would love to share with you today</span>,” Robyn Siperstein, MD, said at the annual <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://orlandoderm.org/">ODAC Dermatology, Aesthetic & Surgical Conference</a></span>.<br/><br/>Dr. Siperstein starts by identifying the type of acne scar — <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/acne/what-to-know-about-rolling-scars">rolling scars</a></span>, <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/acne/what-to-know-about-boxcar-scars">boxcar scars</a></span>, or <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/acne/what-to-know-about-ice-pick-scars">ice pick scars</a></span>. Rolling scars tend to be shallower with no sharp edges; boxcar scars are deeper, more defined round or oval depressions; and ice pick scars, as the name suggests, look like someone stuck tiny ice picks into the skin, leaving a sunken or pitted appearance.<br/><br/>“It’s really important to categorize so that we know which ones are going to be effectively treated with different modalities and which ones aren’t, so that we can give our patients realistic expectations,” said Dr. Siperstein, a cosmetic dermatologist in private practice in Boca Raton, Florida, and a clinical affiliate associate professor of dermatology at Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton.<br/><br/>“There’s not going to be one treatment that’s right for everything,” she said. Different approaches may be required even for the same patient because some people present with all three types of <span class="Hyperlink">acne</span> scars, she added.<br/><br/></p> <h2>Combining Treatments</h2> <p>When it comes to injecting <span class="Hyperlink">dermal fillers</span> into acne scars to lift the depressed areas, the US Food and Drug Administration approved a filler with polymethyl methacrylate filler and bovine collagen (<span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://bellafill.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/7251Rev00_Bellafill_e-IFU_US.pdf">Bellafill</a></span>) for this indication (moderate to severe, atrophic, distensible facial acne scars on the cheek in patients over age 21) in 2015. “And off-label, I use hyaluronic acid in my practice,” Dr. Siperstein said. Each filler “probably works a little bit better or differently on different types of scars.”<br/><br/>For rolling scars, she recommends hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal filler for everyone. “Of course, this is my opinion.” She was also a lead investigator in <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jocd.15153">a randomized, placebo-controlled split-face study</a></span> comparing HA filler with saline for correcting atrophic facial scars in 15 patients. The HA filler emerged superior, although there were some improvements with saline.<br/><br/>In her clinical experience, patients are happy with the results and ask, “Why didn’t the last four doctors do this?”<br/><br/>Boxcar scars are more challenging to fill with HA. In some cases, Dr. Siperstein is able to raise the depressed portion of the scar, but some of the vertical edges remain. In this scenario, she might combine treatments. Laser resurfacing, for example, might help convert boxcar scars into rolling scars, which then can be filled more successfully.<br/><br/>“Ice pick scars are tough,” Dr. Siperstein said. A punch removal technique can work in some cases, or she might try the “cross technique.” This involves placing acetic acid inside the scar using a Q-tip. “You have to be really careful,” she added, “because if you get it around the edges, it’s actually going to make the scar bigger.”<br/><br/></p> <h2>Choosing the Right Candidates</h2> <p>Selecting the right candidate for HA treatment of acne scars is essential. Dr. Siperstein shared the example of a lifeguard who had prominent acne scarring down the center of his chest. “He was embarrassed to go to the beach and take off his shirt. He said he felt like he had bullet holes in his chest.”<br/><br/>One month following treatment, “he had a really nice improvement, and now he feels really comfortable,” she said.<br/><br/>Some dermatologists might be reluctant to consider HA fillers for acne scarring because there is a misconception that HA is short-acting, lasting 6 months to 1 year before the effect wears off. That impression can persist from company-sponsored studies that limit follow-up to 6 months or 1 year “to get their drug to market,” she noted.<br/><br/>Also adding to this impression is that HA fillers in wrinkles may not last as long. Dr. Siperstein explained that wrinkles on the face are dynamic and constantly moving. In contrast, acne scars experience less movement, which helps the HA last longer. There is <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35433153/">MRI evidence</a></span> that shows HA fillers last over 2 years in the face, she added.<br/><br/>One tip to predict how well an acne scar might respond to filler injections is to squeeze it and look for the “dimple sign.” If the floor of the scar lifts up when squeezed, “we know that they’ll be a good candidate for hyaluronic acid filler.” Another tip is to inject HA in a retrograde technique high up in the skin. Inject tiny amounts — microdroplets — of the HA filler high on the dermis, she advised.<br/><br/>Deeper injections run the risk of raising the entire scar instead of filling it, she added.<br/><br/>Like many dermatologic procedures, before and after photos are essential to demonstrate improvements, Dr. Siperstein pointed out. Patients are often skeptical. “This happens a lot with acne scar patients. They’ve been to a million places that have promised results, they have not gotten them, and they are frustrated.”<br/><br/>Acne scars can result from picking, inflammation, or treatment. “This is what we see all day in clinic,” Dr. Siperstein said. “Somebody who had to undergo Accutane treatment but unfortunately is left with holes. This is a huge psychological burden on our patients,” she said, describing a younger patient who had scarring, which “led to depression — it was ruining his life.”<br/><br/>“His mom was willing to do whatever it took. And I said, You know what, I think filler will be enough,” Dr. Siperstein said. She counseled them that treatment would not make the scars disappear completely. But patients used to 10% improvements are very happy when their acne scars look 80% or 90% better, she added.<br/><br/>Dr. Siperstein received grant or research support and is a member of the speakers bureau for Allergan and Galderma. She is also a consultant/advisory board member for Allergan.<br/><br/></p> <p> <em>A version of this article appeared on <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/acne-scar-filling-can-improve-aesthetics-and-quality-life-2024a100027d">Medscape.com</a></span>.</em> </p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>
FROM ODAC 2024
Laser epilation may reduce pilonidal disease recurrences when added to standard care
according to the results of a randomized trial.
The study, recently published in JAMA Surgery, enrolled 302 patients ages 11-21 with pilonidal disease. Half of the participants were assigned to receive LE (laser hair removal) plus standard treatment (improved hygiene plus mechanical or chemical hair removal), and half were assigned to receive standard care alone.
At 1 year, 10.4% of the patients who had received LE plus standard treatment had experienced a recurrence of pilonidal disease, compared with 33.6% of patients in the standard treatment group (P < .001). Rates were based on the data available on 96 patients in the LE group and 134 patients in the standard care group.
“These results provide further evidence that laser epilation is safe, well-tolerated, and should be available as an initial treatment option or adjunct treatment modality for all eligible patients,” first author Peter C. Minneci, MD, chair of surgery at Nemours Children’s Health, Delaware Valley, Wilmington, Del, said in a press release reporting the results. “There have been few comparative studies that have investigated recurrence rates after LE versus other treatment modalities,” he and his coauthors wrote in the study, noting that the study “was the first, to our knowledge, to compare LE as an adjunct to standard care versus standard care alone and demonstrate a decrease in recurrence rates.”
Pilonidal disease, a common condition, results when cysts form between the buttocks and is most common in adolescents and young adults. It is thought to recur about 33% of the time, with most cases recurring within 1 year of treatment.
In practice, there are large variations in management strategies for pilonidal disease because evidence for an ideal treatment approach is lacking, Dr. Minneci and coauthors wrote. Although lifestyle modifications and nonepilation hair removal strategies have been linked to a reduced need for surgery, compliance with these strategies is low. Additionally, recurrence contributes to “a high degree of psychosocial stress in patients, who often miss school or sports and may avoid social activities,” Dr. Minneci said in the press release. Therefore, some practitioners have begun using LE – which uses selective thermolysis to remove the hair shaft, follicle, and bulb – as an adjunct to standard treatments in the hopes of avoiding surgery.
A few studies have shown LE is effective in reducing pilonidal disease recurrence, but these studies had small sample sizes, according to the authors.
[embed:render:related:node:255060]
Study methods
The randomized, nonblinded clinical trial was conducted between 2017 and 2022 at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, and enrolled patients aged 11-21 years with a history of pilonidal disease, who did not have active disease.
Those in the control group (151 patients) had an in-person clinic visit where they received education and training about hair removal in the gluteal cleft, and were provided with supplies for hair removal (chemical epilation or shaving) for 6 months (standard of care). Those in the LE group (151 patients) received standard of care therapy, and also received one LE treatment every 4-6 weeks for a total of five treatments. They were encouraged to perform hair removal using chemical or mechanical depilation between visits.
At the 1-year follow-up, data were available in 96 patients in the LE group and 134 patients in the standard care group. At that time, the proportion of those who had a recurrence within 1 year was significantly lower in the LE group than in the standard care group (mean difference, –23.2%; 95% CI, –33.2% to –13.1%; P < .001).
In addition, over the course of a year, those in the LE-treated group had significantly higher Child Attitude Toward Illness scores, indicating that they felt more positively about their illness at 6 months than participants in the standard care group. There were no differences between the groups in terms of patient or caregiver disability days, patient- or caregiver-reported health-related quality of life, health care satisfaction, or perceived stigma. In the LE group, no burns were reported, and no inability to tolerate treatment because of pain.
The study had several limitations, including the potential for participation bias, and because of a loss to follow-up, primary and secondary outcomes were missing data points, which was higher in the LE group. Loss to follow-up in the LE arm increased after 6 months, when laser treatments ended, with many of those patients not completing surveys at 9 and 12 months. The hospital’s pilonidal clinic shut down for 3 months during the COVID-19 pandemic, and when the clinic reopened, 15 patients in the LE arm withdrew from the study.
|In the press release, Dr. Minneci said that confirmation of the effectiveness of LE could help justify insurance coverage for pilonidal disease, noting that LE is usually not covered with insurance, and a course of treatment could cost $800-$1,500.
Dr. Minneci and four of the other six coauthors reported receiving grants from Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute during the conduct of the study. One author reported receiving grants from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities outside the submitted work. The research was funded by a grant from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute.
according to the results of a randomized trial.
The study, recently published in JAMA Surgery, enrolled 302 patients ages 11-21 with pilonidal disease. Half of the participants were assigned to receive LE (laser hair removal) plus standard treatment (improved hygiene plus mechanical or chemical hair removal), and half were assigned to receive standard care alone.
At 1 year, 10.4% of the patients who had received LE plus standard treatment had experienced a recurrence of pilonidal disease, compared with 33.6% of patients in the standard treatment group (P < .001). Rates were based on the data available on 96 patients in the LE group and 134 patients in the standard care group.
“These results provide further evidence that laser epilation is safe, well-tolerated, and should be available as an initial treatment option or adjunct treatment modality for all eligible patients,” first author Peter C. Minneci, MD, chair of surgery at Nemours Children’s Health, Delaware Valley, Wilmington, Del, said in a press release reporting the results. “There have been few comparative studies that have investigated recurrence rates after LE versus other treatment modalities,” he and his coauthors wrote in the study, noting that the study “was the first, to our knowledge, to compare LE as an adjunct to standard care versus standard care alone and demonstrate a decrease in recurrence rates.”
Pilonidal disease, a common condition, results when cysts form between the buttocks and is most common in adolescents and young adults. It is thought to recur about 33% of the time, with most cases recurring within 1 year of treatment.
In practice, there are large variations in management strategies for pilonidal disease because evidence for an ideal treatment approach is lacking, Dr. Minneci and coauthors wrote. Although lifestyle modifications and nonepilation hair removal strategies have been linked to a reduced need for surgery, compliance with these strategies is low. Additionally, recurrence contributes to “a high degree of psychosocial stress in patients, who often miss school or sports and may avoid social activities,” Dr. Minneci said in the press release. Therefore, some practitioners have begun using LE – which uses selective thermolysis to remove the hair shaft, follicle, and bulb – as an adjunct to standard treatments in the hopes of avoiding surgery.
A few studies have shown LE is effective in reducing pilonidal disease recurrence, but these studies had small sample sizes, according to the authors.
[embed:render:related:node:255060]
Study methods
The randomized, nonblinded clinical trial was conducted between 2017 and 2022 at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, and enrolled patients aged 11-21 years with a history of pilonidal disease, who did not have active disease.
Those in the control group (151 patients) had an in-person clinic visit where they received education and training about hair removal in the gluteal cleft, and were provided with supplies for hair removal (chemical epilation or shaving) for 6 months (standard of care). Those in the LE group (151 patients) received standard of care therapy, and also received one LE treatment every 4-6 weeks for a total of five treatments. They were encouraged to perform hair removal using chemical or mechanical depilation between visits.
At the 1-year follow-up, data were available in 96 patients in the LE group and 134 patients in the standard care group. At that time, the proportion of those who had a recurrence within 1 year was significantly lower in the LE group than in the standard care group (mean difference, –23.2%; 95% CI, –33.2% to –13.1%; P < .001).
In addition, over the course of a year, those in the LE-treated group had significantly higher Child Attitude Toward Illness scores, indicating that they felt more positively about their illness at 6 months than participants in the standard care group. There were no differences between the groups in terms of patient or caregiver disability days, patient- or caregiver-reported health-related quality of life, health care satisfaction, or perceived stigma. In the LE group, no burns were reported, and no inability to tolerate treatment because of pain.
The study had several limitations, including the potential for participation bias, and because of a loss to follow-up, primary and secondary outcomes were missing data points, which was higher in the LE group. Loss to follow-up in the LE arm increased after 6 months, when laser treatments ended, with many of those patients not completing surveys at 9 and 12 months. The hospital’s pilonidal clinic shut down for 3 months during the COVID-19 pandemic, and when the clinic reopened, 15 patients in the LE arm withdrew from the study.
|In the press release, Dr. Minneci said that confirmation of the effectiveness of LE could help justify insurance coverage for pilonidal disease, noting that LE is usually not covered with insurance, and a course of treatment could cost $800-$1,500.
Dr. Minneci and four of the other six coauthors reported receiving grants from Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute during the conduct of the study. One author reported receiving grants from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities outside the submitted work. The research was funded by a grant from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute.
according to the results of a randomized trial.
The study, recently published in JAMA Surgery, enrolled 302 patients ages 11-21 with pilonidal disease. Half of the participants were assigned to receive LE (laser hair removal) plus standard treatment (improved hygiene plus mechanical or chemical hair removal), and half were assigned to receive standard care alone.
At 1 year, 10.4% of the patients who had received LE plus standard treatment had experienced a recurrence of pilonidal disease, compared with 33.6% of patients in the standard treatment group (P < .001). Rates were based on the data available on 96 patients in the LE group and 134 patients in the standard care group.
“These results provide further evidence that laser epilation is safe, well-tolerated, and should be available as an initial treatment option or adjunct treatment modality for all eligible patients,” first author Peter C. Minneci, MD, chair of surgery at Nemours Children’s Health, Delaware Valley, Wilmington, Del, said in a press release reporting the results. “There have been few comparative studies that have investigated recurrence rates after LE versus other treatment modalities,” he and his coauthors wrote in the study, noting that the study “was the first, to our knowledge, to compare LE as an adjunct to standard care versus standard care alone and demonstrate a decrease in recurrence rates.”
Pilonidal disease, a common condition, results when cysts form between the buttocks and is most common in adolescents and young adults. It is thought to recur about 33% of the time, with most cases recurring within 1 year of treatment.
In practice, there are large variations in management strategies for pilonidal disease because evidence for an ideal treatment approach is lacking, Dr. Minneci and coauthors wrote. Although lifestyle modifications and nonepilation hair removal strategies have been linked to a reduced need for surgery, compliance with these strategies is low. Additionally, recurrence contributes to “a high degree of psychosocial stress in patients, who often miss school or sports and may avoid social activities,” Dr. Minneci said in the press release. Therefore, some practitioners have begun using LE – which uses selective thermolysis to remove the hair shaft, follicle, and bulb – as an adjunct to standard treatments in the hopes of avoiding surgery.
A few studies have shown LE is effective in reducing pilonidal disease recurrence, but these studies had small sample sizes, according to the authors.
[embed:render:related:node:255060]
Study methods
The randomized, nonblinded clinical trial was conducted between 2017 and 2022 at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, and enrolled patients aged 11-21 years with a history of pilonidal disease, who did not have active disease.
Those in the control group (151 patients) had an in-person clinic visit where they received education and training about hair removal in the gluteal cleft, and were provided with supplies for hair removal (chemical epilation or shaving) for 6 months (standard of care). Those in the LE group (151 patients) received standard of care therapy, and also received one LE treatment every 4-6 weeks for a total of five treatments. They were encouraged to perform hair removal using chemical or mechanical depilation between visits.
At the 1-year follow-up, data were available in 96 patients in the LE group and 134 patients in the standard care group. At that time, the proportion of those who had a recurrence within 1 year was significantly lower in the LE group than in the standard care group (mean difference, –23.2%; 95% CI, –33.2% to –13.1%; P < .001).
In addition, over the course of a year, those in the LE-treated group had significantly higher Child Attitude Toward Illness scores, indicating that they felt more positively about their illness at 6 months than participants in the standard care group. There were no differences between the groups in terms of patient or caregiver disability days, patient- or caregiver-reported health-related quality of life, health care satisfaction, or perceived stigma. In the LE group, no burns were reported, and no inability to tolerate treatment because of pain.
The study had several limitations, including the potential for participation bias, and because of a loss to follow-up, primary and secondary outcomes were missing data points, which was higher in the LE group. Loss to follow-up in the LE arm increased after 6 months, when laser treatments ended, with many of those patients not completing surveys at 9 and 12 months. The hospital’s pilonidal clinic shut down for 3 months during the COVID-19 pandemic, and when the clinic reopened, 15 patients in the LE arm withdrew from the study.
|In the press release, Dr. Minneci said that confirmation of the effectiveness of LE could help justify insurance coverage for pilonidal disease, noting that LE is usually not covered with insurance, and a course of treatment could cost $800-$1,500.
Dr. Minneci and four of the other six coauthors reported receiving grants from Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute during the conduct of the study. One author reported receiving grants from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities outside the submitted work. The research was funded by a grant from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute.
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<root generator="drupal.xsl" gversion="1.7"> <header> <fileName>166082</fileName> <TBEID>0C04D6BD.SIG</TBEID> <TBUniqueIdentifier>MD_0C04D6BD</TBUniqueIdentifier> <newsOrJournal>News</newsOrJournal> <publisherName>Frontline Medical Communications</publisherName> <storyname/> <articleType>2</articleType> <TBLocation>QC Done-All Pubs</TBLocation> <QCDate>20231129T091908</QCDate> <firstPublished>20231129T110252</firstPublished> <LastPublished>20231129T110252</LastPublished> <pubStatus qcode="stat:"/> <embargoDate/> <killDate/> <CMSDate>20231129T110252</CMSDate> <articleSource>FROM JAMA SURGERY</articleSource> <facebookInfo/> <meetingNumber/> <byline>Joanna Broder</byline> <bylineText>JOANNA BRODER</bylineText> <bylineFull>JOANNA BRODER</bylineFull> <bylineTitleText>MDedge News</bylineTitleText> <USOrGlobal/> <wireDocType/> <newsDocType>News</newsDocType> <journalDocType/> <linkLabel/> <pageRange/> <citation/> <quizID/> <indexIssueDate/> <itemClass qcode="ninat:text"/> <provider qcode="provider:imng"> <name>IMNG Medical Media</name> <rightsInfo> <copyrightHolder> <name>Frontline Medical News</name> </copyrightHolder> <copyrightNotice>Copyright (c) 2015 Frontline Medical News, a Frontline Medical Communications Inc. company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>The use of laser epilation (LE) as a supplement to standard care significantly reduces recurrence of pilonidal disease, compared with standard care alone,</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>The study is “the first, to our knowledge, to compare LE as an adjunct to standard care versus standard care alone and demonstrate a decrease in recurrence rates,” the authors wrote.</teaser> <title>Laser epilation may reduce pilonidal disease recurrences when added to standard care</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>im</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>pn</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>fp</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>mdsurg</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> <journalTitle/> <journalFullTitle/> <copyrightStatement>2018 Frontline Medical Communications Inc.,</copyrightStatement> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term canonical="true">13</term> <term>21</term> <term>25</term> <term>15</term> <term>52226</term> </publications> <sections> <term>27970</term> <term canonical="true">39313</term> </sections> <topics> <term>40695</term> <term canonical="true">271</term> <term>203</term> <term>219</term> <term>176</term> <term>27442</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>Laser epilation may reduce pilonidal disease recurrences when added to standard care</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <p><span class="tag metaDescription">The use of laser epilation (LE) as a supplement to standard care significantly reduces recurrence of pilonidal disease, compared with standard care alone,</span> according to the results of a randomized trial.</p> <p>The<span class="Hyperlink"> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37938854/#:~:text=Conclusions%20and%20relevance%3A%20LE%20as,in%20patients%20with%20pilonidal%20disease.">study</a>, recently </span>published in JAMA Surgery, enrolled 302 patients ages 11-21 with pilonidal disease. Half of the participants were assigned to receive LE (laser hair removal) plus standard treatment (improved hygiene plus mechanical or chemical hair removal), and half were assigned to receive standard care alone.<br/><br/>At 1 year, 10.4% of the patients who had received LE plus standard treatment had experienced a recurrence of pilonidal disease, compared with 33.6% of patients in the standard treatment group (<em>P</em> < .001). Rates were based on the data available on 96 patients in the LE group and 134 patients in the standard care group. <br/><br/>“These results provide further evidence that laser epilation is safe, well-tolerated, and should be available as an initial treatment option or adjunct treatment modality for all eligible patients,” first author Peter C. Minneci, MD, chair of surgery at Nemours Children’s Health, Delaware Valley, Wilmington, Del, said in a <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://nemours.mediaroom.com/PilondialDiseaseResearch">press release</a></span> reporting the results. “There have been few comparative studies that have investigated recurrence rates after LE versus other treatment modalities,” he and his coauthors wrote in the study, noting that the study “was the first, to our knowledge, to compare LE as an adjunct to standard care versus standard care alone and demonstrate a decrease in recurrence rates.”<br/><br/>Pilonidal disease, a common condition, results when cysts form between the buttocks and is most common in adolescents and young adults. It is thought to recur about 33% of the time, with most cases recurring within 1 year of treatment.<br/><br/>In practice, there are large variations in management strategies for pilonidal disease because evidence for an ideal treatment approach is lacking, Dr. Minneci and coauthors wrote. Although lifestyle modifications and nonepilation hair removal strategies have been linked to a reduced need for surgery, compliance with these strategies is low. Additionally, recurrence contributes to “a high degree of psychosocial stress in patients, who often miss school or sports and may avoid social activities,” Dr. Minneci said in the press release. Therefore, some practitioners have begun using LE – which uses selective thermolysis to remove the hair shaft, follicle, and bulb – as an adjunct to standard treatments in the hopes of avoiding surgery. <br/><br/>A few studies have shown LE is effective in reducing pilonidal disease recurrence, but these studies had small sample sizes, according to the authors.<br/><br/> </p> <h2>Study methods</h2> <p>The randomized, nonblinded <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03276065">clinical trial</a></span> was conducted between 2017 and 2022 at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, and enrolled patients aged 11-21 years with a history of pilonidal disease, who did not have active disease. </p> <p>Those in the control group (151 patients) had an in-person clinic visit where they received education and training about hair removal in the gluteal cleft, and were provided with supplies for hair removal (chemical epilation or shaving) for 6 months (standard of care). Those in the LE group (151 patients) received standard of care therapy, and also received one LE treatment every 4-6 weeks for a total of five treatments. They were encouraged to perform hair removal using chemical or mechanical depilation between visits.<br/><br/>At the 1-year follow-up, data were available in 96 patients in the LE group and 134 patients in the standard care group. At that time, the proportion of those who had a recurrence within 1 year was significantly lower in the LE group than in the standard care group (mean difference, –23.2%; 95% CI, –33.2% to –13.1%; <em>P</em> < .001).<br/><br/>In addition, over the course of a year, those in the LE-treated group had significantly higher Child Attitude Toward Illness scores, indicating that they felt more positively about their illness at 6 months than participants in the standard care group. There were no differences between the groups in terms of patient or caregiver disability days, patient- or caregiver-reported health-related quality of life, health care satisfaction, or perceived stigma. In the LE group, no burns were reported, and no inability to tolerate treatment because of pain.<br/><br/>The study had several limitations, including the potential for participation bias, and because of a loss to follow-up, primary and secondary outcomes were missing data points, which was higher in the LE group. Loss to follow-up in the LE arm increased after 6 months, when laser treatments ended, with many of those patients not completing surveys at 9 and 12 months. The hospital’s pilonidal clinic shut down for 3 months during the COVID-19 pandemic, and when the clinic reopened, 15 patients in the LE arm withdrew from the study.<br/><br/>|In the press release, Dr. Minneci said that confirmation of the effectiveness of LE could help justify insurance coverage for pilonidal disease, noting that LE is usually not covered with insurance, and a course of treatment could cost $800-$1,500. <br/><br/>Dr. Minneci and four of the other six coauthors reported receiving grants from Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute during the conduct of the study. One author reported receiving grants from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities outside the submitted work. The research was funded by a grant from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute.</p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>
FROM JAMA SURGERY
Sharps injuries are common among Mohs surgeons, survey finds
TOPLINE:
.
METHODOLOGY:
- Data on the incidence of sharps injuries among dermatologic surgeons is limited.
- In a cross-sectional analysis of anonymous survey responses from members of the American College of , researchers aimed to determine the incidence and types of sharps injuries among Mohs surgeons.
- The researchers used descriptive statistics for continuous and nominal variables (percentage and frequencies) to report survey data and Fisher exact or chi-square analysis of categorical variables to obtain P values.
TAKEAWAY:
- Of the 60 survey respondents, more than half (56.7%) were from single-specialty group practices, 26.6% were from academic practices, and fewer than half (43.3%) had been in practice for 15 or more years.
- In the past year, 56.7% of respondents experienced at least one sharps injury. Of these, 14.7% involved exposure to a blood-borne pathogen, which translated into an annual exposure risk of 7.6% for any given Mohs surgeon.
- The top two types of sharps injuries were self-inflicted suture needlestick (76.5%) and other types of self-inflicted needlestick injuries (26.5%).
- Of respondents who sustained a sharps injury, 44.1% did not report them, while 95% of all survey respondents said they had access to postexposure prophylaxis/protocols at their workplace.
- The researchers determined that the average annual rate of sharps injury was 0.87.
IN PRACTICE:
- “In best practices to prevent sharps injuries, the authors recommend that a standardized sharps handling protocol be developed and disseminated for dermatologic surgeons and their staff,” the researchers wrote.
STUDY DETAILS:
- Faezeh Talebi-Liasi, MD, and Jesse M. Lewin, MD, department of dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, conducted the research. The study was published in Dermatologic Surgery.
LIMITATIONS:
- The study’s cross-sectional observational design and small sample size was skewed toward single-specialty and academic practices.
DISCLOSURES:
- The authors reported having no relevant financial disclosures.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
TOPLINE:
.
METHODOLOGY:
- Data on the incidence of sharps injuries among dermatologic surgeons is limited.
- In a cross-sectional analysis of anonymous survey responses from members of the American College of , researchers aimed to determine the incidence and types of sharps injuries among Mohs surgeons.
- The researchers used descriptive statistics for continuous and nominal variables (percentage and frequencies) to report survey data and Fisher exact or chi-square analysis of categorical variables to obtain P values.
TAKEAWAY:
- Of the 60 survey respondents, more than half (56.7%) were from single-specialty group practices, 26.6% were from academic practices, and fewer than half (43.3%) had been in practice for 15 or more years.
- In the past year, 56.7% of respondents experienced at least one sharps injury. Of these, 14.7% involved exposure to a blood-borne pathogen, which translated into an annual exposure risk of 7.6% for any given Mohs surgeon.
- The top two types of sharps injuries were self-inflicted suture needlestick (76.5%) and other types of self-inflicted needlestick injuries (26.5%).
- Of respondents who sustained a sharps injury, 44.1% did not report them, while 95% of all survey respondents said they had access to postexposure prophylaxis/protocols at their workplace.
- The researchers determined that the average annual rate of sharps injury was 0.87.
IN PRACTICE:
- “In best practices to prevent sharps injuries, the authors recommend that a standardized sharps handling protocol be developed and disseminated for dermatologic surgeons and their staff,” the researchers wrote.
STUDY DETAILS:
- Faezeh Talebi-Liasi, MD, and Jesse M. Lewin, MD, department of dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, conducted the research. The study was published in Dermatologic Surgery.
LIMITATIONS:
- The study’s cross-sectional observational design and small sample size was skewed toward single-specialty and academic practices.
DISCLOSURES:
- The authors reported having no relevant financial disclosures.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
TOPLINE:
.
METHODOLOGY:
- Data on the incidence of sharps injuries among dermatologic surgeons is limited.
- In a cross-sectional analysis of anonymous survey responses from members of the American College of , researchers aimed to determine the incidence and types of sharps injuries among Mohs surgeons.
- The researchers used descriptive statistics for continuous and nominal variables (percentage and frequencies) to report survey data and Fisher exact or chi-square analysis of categorical variables to obtain P values.
TAKEAWAY:
- Of the 60 survey respondents, more than half (56.7%) were from single-specialty group practices, 26.6% were from academic practices, and fewer than half (43.3%) had been in practice for 15 or more years.
- In the past year, 56.7% of respondents experienced at least one sharps injury. Of these, 14.7% involved exposure to a blood-borne pathogen, which translated into an annual exposure risk of 7.6% for any given Mohs surgeon.
- The top two types of sharps injuries were self-inflicted suture needlestick (76.5%) and other types of self-inflicted needlestick injuries (26.5%).
- Of respondents who sustained a sharps injury, 44.1% did not report them, while 95% of all survey respondents said they had access to postexposure prophylaxis/protocols at their workplace.
- The researchers determined that the average annual rate of sharps injury was 0.87.
IN PRACTICE:
- “In best practices to prevent sharps injuries, the authors recommend that a standardized sharps handling protocol be developed and disseminated for dermatologic surgeons and their staff,” the researchers wrote.
STUDY DETAILS:
- Faezeh Talebi-Liasi, MD, and Jesse M. Lewin, MD, department of dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, conducted the research. The study was published in Dermatologic Surgery.
LIMITATIONS:
- The study’s cross-sectional observational design and small sample size was skewed toward single-specialty and academic practices.
DISCLOSURES:
- The authors reported having no relevant financial disclosures.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
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<root generator="drupal.xsl" gversion="1.7"> <header> <fileName>165945</fileName> <TBEID>0C04D3CF.SIG</TBEID> <TBUniqueIdentifier>MD_0C04D3CF</TBUniqueIdentifier> <newsOrJournal>News</newsOrJournal> <publisherName>Frontline Medical Communications</publisherName> <storyname/> <articleType>2</articleType> <TBLocation>QC Done-All Pubs</TBLocation> <QCDate>20231114T125843</QCDate> <firstPublished>20231114T152129</firstPublished> <LastPublished>20231114T152129</LastPublished> <pubStatus qcode="stat:"/> <embargoDate/> <killDate/> <CMSDate>20231114T152129</CMSDate> <articleSource/> <facebookInfo/> <meetingNumber/> <byline>Doug Brunk</byline> <bylineText>DOUG BRUNK</bylineText> <bylineFull>DOUG BRUNK</bylineFull> <bylineTitleText/> <USOrGlobal/> <wireDocType/> <newsDocType/> <journalDocType/> <linkLabel/> <pageRange/> <citation/> <quizID/> <indexIssueDate/> <itemClass qcode="ninat:text"/> <provider qcode="provider:imng"> <name>IMNG Medical Media</name> <rightsInfo> <copyrightHolder> <name>Frontline Medical News</name> </copyrightHolder> <copyrightNotice>Copyright (c) 2015 Frontline Medical News, a Frontline Medical Communications Inc. company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>More than half of Mohs surgeons report at least one sharps injury in the past year, mostly self-inflicted, survey finds</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>In the past year, 56.7% of respondents experienced at least one sharps injury.</teaser> <title>Sharps injuries are common among Mohs surgeons, survey finds</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term canonical="true">13</term> </publications> <sections> <term canonical="true">39313</term> <term>27970</term> </sections> <topics> <term canonical="true">40695</term> <term>245</term> <term>244</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>Sharps injuries are common among Mohs surgeons, survey finds</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <h2>TOPLINE:</h2> <p><span class="tag metaDescription">More than half of Mohs surgeons report at least one sharps injury in the past year, mostly self-inflicted, survey finds</span>.</p> <h2>METHODOLOGY:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>Data on the incidence of sharps injuries among dermatologic surgeons is limited.</li> <li>In a cross-sectional analysis of anonymous survey responses from members of the American College of , researchers aimed to determine the incidence and types of sharps injuries among Mohs surgeons.</li> <li>The researchers used descriptive statistics for continuous and nominal variables (percentage and frequencies) to report survey data and Fisher exact or chi-square analysis of categorical variables to obtain <em>P</em> values.</li> </ul> <h2>TAKEAWAY:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>Of the 60 survey respondents, more than half (56.7%) were from single-specialty group practices, 26.6% were from academic practices, and fewer than half (43.3%) had been in practice for 15 or more years.</li> <li>In the past year, 56.7% of respondents experienced at least one sharps injury. Of these, 14.7% involved exposure to a blood-borne pathogen, which translated into an annual exposure risk of 7.6% for any given Mohs surgeon.</li> <li>The top two types of sharps injuries were self-inflicted suture needlestick (76.5%) and other types of self-inflicted needlestick injuries (26.5%).</li> <li>Of respondents who sustained a sharps injury, 44.1% did not report them, while 95% of all survey respondents said they had access to postexposure prophylaxis/protocols at their workplace.</li> <li>The researchers determined that the average annual rate of sharps injury was 0.87.</li> </ul> <h2>IN PRACTICE:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>“In best practices to prevent sharps injuries, the authors recommend that a standardized sharps handling protocol be developed and disseminated for dermatologic surgeons and their staff,” the researchers wrote.</li> </ul> <h2>STUDY DETAILS:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>Faezeh Talebi-Liasi, MD, and Jesse M. Lewin, MD, department of dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, conducted the research. The study was published in <a href="https://journals.lww.com/dermatologicsurgery/abstract/2023/11000/a_cross_sectional_analysis_of_sharps_injuries.2.aspx">Dermatologic Surgery</a>.</li> </ul> <h2>LIMITATIONS:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>The study’s cross-sectional observational design and small sample size was skewed toward single-specialty and academic practices.</li> </ul> <h2>DISCLOSURES:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>The authors reported having no relevant financial disclosures.</li> </ul> <p> <em>A version of this article appeared on </em> <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/998243">Medscape.com</a>.</span> </p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>
Incipient ulceration may affect prognosis in primary melanoma
TOPLINE:
Incipient ulceration in primary cutaneous melanoma may represent a more biologically aggressive disease population than truly nonulcerated tumors.
METHODOLOGY:
- The final cohort included 40 cases of incipient ulceration that were matched 1:2 with 80 nonulcerated controls and 80 ulcerated controls.
- The prognostic significance of incipient ulceration in cutaneous melanoma is unclear.
- Current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) guidelines classify incipient ulceration as nonulcerated.
- In a retrospective case-control study, researchers drew from the Melanoma Institute Australia database to identify resected primary cutaneous melanomas diagnosed between 2005 and 2015 that had slides available at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney and a Breslow thickness greater than 0 mm.
- Clinical outcomes compared between cases and controls were recurrence-free survival (RFS), melanoma-specific survival (MSS), and overall survival (OS).
TAKEAWAY:
- The median Breslow depth was 2.8 mm for incipient cases, compared with 1.0 mm for nonulcerated melanomas and 5.3 mm for ulcerated melanomas, while the median tumor mitotic rate was 5.0 per mm2 for incipient cases, compared with 1 per mm2 in nonulcerated controls and 9 per mm2 in ulcerated controls.
- On univariable analyses, compared with patients with incipiently ulcerated cases, patients with nonulcerated tumors had significantly better OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49) and RFS (HR, 0.37), while patients with ulcerated tumors showed worse RFS (HR, 1.67).
- On multivariable analyses, no differences in survival outcomes were observed, perhaps due to the moderate number of incipient ulceration cases included in the study, the authors wrote.
IN PRACTICE:
“Future editions of the AJCC staging system should consider acknowledging this interpretive challenge and provide guidance on how primary melanomas with incipient ulceration should be classified,” the researchers wrote.
SOURCE:
Richard A. Scolyer, MD, a pathologist at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia, is the senior author on the study, which was published online in JAMA Dermatology.
LIMITATIONS:
Limitations of the study include its retrospective design and the relatively small number of cases that met criteria for inclusion.
DISCLOSURES:
Dr. Scolyer disclosed that he has received grants from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and personal fees from MetaOptima, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Evaxion, Provectus, QBiotics, Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme, NeraCare, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Myriad Genetics, and GlaxoSmithKline, all outside the submitted work. Four coauthors reported having received financial support outside of the submitted work.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
TOPLINE:
Incipient ulceration in primary cutaneous melanoma may represent a more biologically aggressive disease population than truly nonulcerated tumors.
METHODOLOGY:
- The final cohort included 40 cases of incipient ulceration that were matched 1:2 with 80 nonulcerated controls and 80 ulcerated controls.
- The prognostic significance of incipient ulceration in cutaneous melanoma is unclear.
- Current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) guidelines classify incipient ulceration as nonulcerated.
- In a retrospective case-control study, researchers drew from the Melanoma Institute Australia database to identify resected primary cutaneous melanomas diagnosed between 2005 and 2015 that had slides available at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney and a Breslow thickness greater than 0 mm.
- Clinical outcomes compared between cases and controls were recurrence-free survival (RFS), melanoma-specific survival (MSS), and overall survival (OS).
TAKEAWAY:
- The median Breslow depth was 2.8 mm for incipient cases, compared with 1.0 mm for nonulcerated melanomas and 5.3 mm for ulcerated melanomas, while the median tumor mitotic rate was 5.0 per mm2 for incipient cases, compared with 1 per mm2 in nonulcerated controls and 9 per mm2 in ulcerated controls.
- On univariable analyses, compared with patients with incipiently ulcerated cases, patients with nonulcerated tumors had significantly better OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49) and RFS (HR, 0.37), while patients with ulcerated tumors showed worse RFS (HR, 1.67).
- On multivariable analyses, no differences in survival outcomes were observed, perhaps due to the moderate number of incipient ulceration cases included in the study, the authors wrote.
IN PRACTICE:
“Future editions of the AJCC staging system should consider acknowledging this interpretive challenge and provide guidance on how primary melanomas with incipient ulceration should be classified,” the researchers wrote.
SOURCE:
Richard A. Scolyer, MD, a pathologist at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia, is the senior author on the study, which was published online in JAMA Dermatology.
LIMITATIONS:
Limitations of the study include its retrospective design and the relatively small number of cases that met criteria for inclusion.
DISCLOSURES:
Dr. Scolyer disclosed that he has received grants from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and personal fees from MetaOptima, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Evaxion, Provectus, QBiotics, Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme, NeraCare, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Myriad Genetics, and GlaxoSmithKline, all outside the submitted work. Four coauthors reported having received financial support outside of the submitted work.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
TOPLINE:
Incipient ulceration in primary cutaneous melanoma may represent a more biologically aggressive disease population than truly nonulcerated tumors.
METHODOLOGY:
- The final cohort included 40 cases of incipient ulceration that were matched 1:2 with 80 nonulcerated controls and 80 ulcerated controls.
- The prognostic significance of incipient ulceration in cutaneous melanoma is unclear.
- Current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) guidelines classify incipient ulceration as nonulcerated.
- In a retrospective case-control study, researchers drew from the Melanoma Institute Australia database to identify resected primary cutaneous melanomas diagnosed between 2005 and 2015 that had slides available at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney and a Breslow thickness greater than 0 mm.
- Clinical outcomes compared between cases and controls were recurrence-free survival (RFS), melanoma-specific survival (MSS), and overall survival (OS).
TAKEAWAY:
- The median Breslow depth was 2.8 mm for incipient cases, compared with 1.0 mm for nonulcerated melanomas and 5.3 mm for ulcerated melanomas, while the median tumor mitotic rate was 5.0 per mm2 for incipient cases, compared with 1 per mm2 in nonulcerated controls and 9 per mm2 in ulcerated controls.
- On univariable analyses, compared with patients with incipiently ulcerated cases, patients with nonulcerated tumors had significantly better OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49) and RFS (HR, 0.37), while patients with ulcerated tumors showed worse RFS (HR, 1.67).
- On multivariable analyses, no differences in survival outcomes were observed, perhaps due to the moderate number of incipient ulceration cases included in the study, the authors wrote.
IN PRACTICE:
“Future editions of the AJCC staging system should consider acknowledging this interpretive challenge and provide guidance on how primary melanomas with incipient ulceration should be classified,” the researchers wrote.
SOURCE:
Richard A. Scolyer, MD, a pathologist at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia, is the senior author on the study, which was published online in JAMA Dermatology.
LIMITATIONS:
Limitations of the study include its retrospective design and the relatively small number of cases that met criteria for inclusion.
DISCLOSURES:
Dr. Scolyer disclosed that he has received grants from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and personal fees from MetaOptima, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Evaxion, Provectus, QBiotics, Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme, NeraCare, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Myriad Genetics, and GlaxoSmithKline, all outside the submitted work. Four coauthors reported having received financial support outside of the submitted work.
A version of this article appeared on Medscape.com.
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<root generator="drupal.xsl" gversion="1.7"> <header> <fileName>165943</fileName> <TBEID>0C04D3C9.SIG</TBEID> <TBUniqueIdentifier>MD_0C04D3C9</TBUniqueIdentifier> <newsOrJournal>News</newsOrJournal> <publisherName>Frontline Medical Communications</publisherName> <storyname/> <articleType>2</articleType> <TBLocation>QC Done-All Pubs</TBLocation> <QCDate>20231114T084926</QCDate> <firstPublished>20231114T092148</firstPublished> <LastPublished>20231114T092148</LastPublished> <pubStatus qcode="stat:"/> <embargoDate/> <killDate/> <CMSDate>20231114T092148</CMSDate> <articleSource/> <facebookInfo>edited by C Morton</facebookInfo> <meetingNumber/> <byline>Doug Brunk</byline> <bylineText>DOUG BRUNK</bylineText> <bylineFull>DOUG BRUNK</bylineFull> <bylineTitleText/> <USOrGlobal/> <wireDocType/> <newsDocType>News</newsDocType> <journalDocType/> <linkLabel/> <pageRange/> <citation/> <quizID/> <indexIssueDate/> <itemClass qcode="ninat:text"/> <provider qcode="provider:imng"> <name>IMNG Medical Media</name> <rightsInfo> <copyrightHolder> <name>Frontline Medical News</name> </copyrightHolder> <copyrightNotice>Copyright (c) 2015 Frontline Medical News, a Frontline Medical Communications Inc. company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>“Future editions of the AJCC staging system should consider acknowledging this interpretive challenge and provide guidance on how primary melanomas with incipie</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>“Future editions of the AJCC staging system should consider acknowledging this interpretive challenge and provide guidance on how primary melanomas with incipient ulceration should be classified.”</teaser> <title>Incipient ulceration may affect prognosis in primary melanoma</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>oncr</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>fp</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>im</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term canonical="true">13</term> <term>31</term> <term>15</term> <term>21</term> </publications> <sections> <term canonical="true">39313</term> <term>27970</term> </sections> <topics> <term canonical="true">244</term> <term>40695</term> <term>203</term> <term>263</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>Incipient ulceration may affect prognosis in primary melanoma</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <h2>TOPLINE:</h2> <p class="Normal">Incipient ulceration in primary cutaneous melanoma may represent a more biologically aggressive disease population than truly nonulcerated tumors.</p> <h2>METHODOLOGY:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>The final cohort included 40 cases of incipient ulceration that were matched 1:2 with 80 nonulcerated controls and 80 ulcerated controls.</li> <li>The prognostic significance of incipient ulceration in cutaneous melanoma is unclear.</li> <li>Current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) guidelines classify incipient ulceration as nonulcerated.</li> <li>In a retrospective case-control study, researchers drew from the Melanoma Institute Australia database to identify resected primary cutaneous melanomas diagnosed between 2005 and 2015 that had slides available at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney and a Breslow thickness greater than 0 mm.</li> <li>Clinical outcomes compared between cases and controls were recurrence-free survival (RFS), melanoma-specific survival (MSS), and overall survival (OS).</li> </ul> <h2>TAKEAWAY:</h2> <ul class="body"> <li>The median Breslow depth was 2.8 mm for incipient cases, compared with 1.0 mm for nonulcerated melanomas and 5.3 mm for ulcerated melanomas, while the median tumor mitotic rate was 5.0 per mm<sup>2</sup> for incipient cases, compared with 1 per mm<sup>2</sup> in nonulcerated controls and 9 per mm<sup>2</sup> in ulcerated controls.</li> <li>On univariable analyses, compared with patients with incipiently ulcerated cases, patients with nonulcerated tumors had significantly better OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49) and RFS (HR, 0.37), while patients with ulcerated tumors showed worse RFS (HR, 1.67).</li> <li>On multivariable analyses, no differences in survival outcomes were observed, perhaps due to the moderate number of incipient ulceration cases included in the study, the authors wrote.</li> </ul> <h2>IN PRACTICE:</h2> <p>“Future editions of the AJCC staging system should consider acknowledging this interpretive challenge and provide guidance on how primary melanomas with incipient ulceration should be classified,” the researchers wrote.</p> <h2>SOURCE:</h2> <p>Richard A. Scolyer, MD, a pathologist at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia, is the senior author on the study, which was <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/article-abstract/2811400">published online</a> in JAMA Dermatology.</p> <h2>LIMITATIONS:</h2> <p>Limitations of the study include its retrospective design and the relatively small number of cases that met criteria for inclusion.</p> <h2>DISCLOSURES:</h2> <p>Dr. Scolyer disclosed that he has received grants from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and personal fees from MetaOptima, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Evaxion, Provectus, QBiotics, Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme, NeraCare, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Myriad Genetics, and GlaxoSmithKline, all outside the submitted work. Four coauthors reported having received financial support outside of the submitted work.</p> <p> <em> <em>A version of this article appeared on </em> <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/998286?src=&icd=login_success_email_match_norm">Medscape.com</a>.</span> </em> </p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>
Novel hydrogel holds promise for skin regeneration
CARLSBAD, CALIF. – For the estimated 10 million wounds that clinicians treat in the United States each year resulting from surgical procedures, trauma, burns, and other causes, the best outcome is a scar, a fibrotic dermis with a flattened epidermis that contains no sweat glands, no pilosebaceous units, and impaired nerve function.
But what if the outcome was skin regeneration instead of scar formation? At the annual symposium of the California Society of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Philip O. Scumpia, MD, PhD, described the .
“We’re preprogrammed to undergo scarring,” said Dr. Scumpia, associate professor of dermatology at the University of California, Los Angeles. “Tissue fibrosis is an evolutionary process” where a fibrotic matrix is deposited “as quickly as possible to close the gap caused by an injury,” he noted. “All of the cues in the normal wound healing process result in fibrosis, but we want to move from scarring to tissue regeneration. The goal is to make something that can shift from this evolutionary process, and it’s proven to be inherently difficult.”
Common approaches to wound treatment include simple and advanced dressings, negative pressure, and hyperbaric oxygen. For wounds that persist beyond 30 days, advanced treatment options include decellularized grafts such as placental membranes, amniotic membranes, and acellular dermal matrices. “There are also cellularized grafts such as dressings that contain neonatal dermal fibroblasts,” which are expensive, said Dr. Scumpia, director of dermatopathology at the West Los Angeles VA Medical Center. “There are also semi-synthetic grafts such as single or double layer dermal replacement templates and synthetic dermal substitutes in the form of sheets or foam. All of these can help with wound coverage and help chronic wounds close on their own.”
Meanwhile, tissue regeneration – or efforts to restore tissue to its original functionality – include growth factors, stem cells, or replacement extracellular matrix (skin substitutes), or a combination. “Bioengineered dressings and bioengineered skin substitutes have shown modest improvement in wound healing but not tissue regeneration,” Dr. Scumpia said. “At best, we can accelerate scar formation and close the wound quicker, but nothing has been shown to regenerate tissue.”
Approaches to skin regeneration
Studies from the embryology literature have helped researchers develop better approaches to skin regeneration. For example, fetal skin heals without scarring when injured. “Hairs form from placodes, then sebaceous glands form, and fibroblasts that are part of the papillary mesenchymal body expressing special factors such as engrailed or CRABP1 drive hair follicle formation,” he said. “Many studies have shown that sonic hedgehog signaling, and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling can play a role in the development of new hair follicles. Also, fibroblasts in the dermis can drive hair follicle formation.”
Researchers are also learning about tissue regeneration from mouse models. For example, African spiny mice have been shown to heal regeneratively. “If you make wounds large enough on lab mice, the center heals regeneratively,” Dr. Scumpia said. “What’s interesting is that these same signals are present in embryonic hair follicle development. Why is this important? Who wants a hairy scar? It’s an organized structure that develops in the wound. That can help us understand what we need to put in so that our body regenerates on its own. In mouse models, the immune system has been shown to play a role in regeneration.”
Expanding on initial work conducted at UCLA, Dr. Scumpia and his colleagues founded San Diego-based Tempo Therapeutics, which is commercializing the MAP hydrogel to mimic the natural porosity and stiffness of skin. They sought to develop a new biomaterial, he said, noting that “the skin is porous on a microscale level, allowing cells to infiltrate different areas.” And the problem with existing biomaterials “is that they don’t incorporate into the skin very well,” he explained. “They’re usually stiff and rubbery and can cause a foreign body reaction, which can result in fibrous encapsulation and inflammation.”
[embed:render:related:node:261001]
The MAP hydrogel is composed of randomly packed “microsphere building blocks,” including an amino acid that promotes an immune response. When injected into a wound, the hydrogel forms a porous matrix in the tissue. Surface annealing locks in porosity and tissue grows into porous spaces, which avoids scar formation pathways and enables critical organs to regain function.
During in vivo tests, researchers observed decreases in inflammation compared with traditional hydrogels in the first 48 hours. “In mouse models, we found that if you inject in a hydrogel that has no porosity, the body tries to spit it out, and you have an immune reaction,” Dr. Scumpia said. “But when we used the MAP hydrogel, we found that cells can migrate through it, which allows wounds to heal quicker. When we added an antigen in the hydrogel trying to allow the hydrogel to degrade slower, it actually degraded more rapidly, but we found that new hair follicles formed in the center of these wounds, a hallmark of skin regeneration. My lab has been studying why this occurs and trying to use this to our advantage in other models.”
In an unpublished mouse burn wound model study, he and his colleagues excised a wound, but it never healed with regeneration in the center. “We don’t understand why,” he said. But when the researchers used the MAP gel in wounds of hairless mice, they observed the formation of sebaceous glands and hair follicles over the wound beds. “It’s an exciting finding to see hair follicles develop in the center of a wound,” Dr. Scumpia said. He noted that to date, use of the MAP hydrogel has demonstrated tissue regeneration in some of the 27 veterinary cases that have been performed, including for wounds following traumatic injuries or following tumor resections on paws that allowed the pets to avoid amputation.
Clinical trials planned
The first clinical trials of the MAP hydrogel are planned for treating complex diabetic wounds in early 2024 but will likely expand to other difficult-to-treat wounds, including venous stasis ulcers, decubitus ulcers, and use following large surgical resections. Dr. Scumpia and colleagues will also examine the regenerative biomaterial for tissue aesthetics, including dermal and deep tissue filler applications. The next steps in his laboratory, he said, are to combine biomaterials with stem cells, immune factors, or small molecular activators/inhibitors to improve sweat gland, nerve, or hair follicle regeneration.
Dr. Scumpia disclosed that he is a cofounder and shareholder in Tempo Therapeutics. He has also received grant support from the National Institutes of Health, Department of Veteran Affairs, and the LEO Foundation.
CARLSBAD, CALIF. – For the estimated 10 million wounds that clinicians treat in the United States each year resulting from surgical procedures, trauma, burns, and other causes, the best outcome is a scar, a fibrotic dermis with a flattened epidermis that contains no sweat glands, no pilosebaceous units, and impaired nerve function.
But what if the outcome was skin regeneration instead of scar formation? At the annual symposium of the California Society of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Philip O. Scumpia, MD, PhD, described the .
“We’re preprogrammed to undergo scarring,” said Dr. Scumpia, associate professor of dermatology at the University of California, Los Angeles. “Tissue fibrosis is an evolutionary process” where a fibrotic matrix is deposited “as quickly as possible to close the gap caused by an injury,” he noted. “All of the cues in the normal wound healing process result in fibrosis, but we want to move from scarring to tissue regeneration. The goal is to make something that can shift from this evolutionary process, and it’s proven to be inherently difficult.”
Common approaches to wound treatment include simple and advanced dressings, negative pressure, and hyperbaric oxygen. For wounds that persist beyond 30 days, advanced treatment options include decellularized grafts such as placental membranes, amniotic membranes, and acellular dermal matrices. “There are also cellularized grafts such as dressings that contain neonatal dermal fibroblasts,” which are expensive, said Dr. Scumpia, director of dermatopathology at the West Los Angeles VA Medical Center. “There are also semi-synthetic grafts such as single or double layer dermal replacement templates and synthetic dermal substitutes in the form of sheets or foam. All of these can help with wound coverage and help chronic wounds close on their own.”
Meanwhile, tissue regeneration – or efforts to restore tissue to its original functionality – include growth factors, stem cells, or replacement extracellular matrix (skin substitutes), or a combination. “Bioengineered dressings and bioengineered skin substitutes have shown modest improvement in wound healing but not tissue regeneration,” Dr. Scumpia said. “At best, we can accelerate scar formation and close the wound quicker, but nothing has been shown to regenerate tissue.”
Approaches to skin regeneration
Studies from the embryology literature have helped researchers develop better approaches to skin regeneration. For example, fetal skin heals without scarring when injured. “Hairs form from placodes, then sebaceous glands form, and fibroblasts that are part of the papillary mesenchymal body expressing special factors such as engrailed or CRABP1 drive hair follicle formation,” he said. “Many studies have shown that sonic hedgehog signaling, and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling can play a role in the development of new hair follicles. Also, fibroblasts in the dermis can drive hair follicle formation.”
Researchers are also learning about tissue regeneration from mouse models. For example, African spiny mice have been shown to heal regeneratively. “If you make wounds large enough on lab mice, the center heals regeneratively,” Dr. Scumpia said. “What’s interesting is that these same signals are present in embryonic hair follicle development. Why is this important? Who wants a hairy scar? It’s an organized structure that develops in the wound. That can help us understand what we need to put in so that our body regenerates on its own. In mouse models, the immune system has been shown to play a role in regeneration.”
Expanding on initial work conducted at UCLA, Dr. Scumpia and his colleagues founded San Diego-based Tempo Therapeutics, which is commercializing the MAP hydrogel to mimic the natural porosity and stiffness of skin. They sought to develop a new biomaterial, he said, noting that “the skin is porous on a microscale level, allowing cells to infiltrate different areas.” And the problem with existing biomaterials “is that they don’t incorporate into the skin very well,” he explained. “They’re usually stiff and rubbery and can cause a foreign body reaction, which can result in fibrous encapsulation and inflammation.”
[embed:render:related:node:261001]
The MAP hydrogel is composed of randomly packed “microsphere building blocks,” including an amino acid that promotes an immune response. When injected into a wound, the hydrogel forms a porous matrix in the tissue. Surface annealing locks in porosity and tissue grows into porous spaces, which avoids scar formation pathways and enables critical organs to regain function.
During in vivo tests, researchers observed decreases in inflammation compared with traditional hydrogels in the first 48 hours. “In mouse models, we found that if you inject in a hydrogel that has no porosity, the body tries to spit it out, and you have an immune reaction,” Dr. Scumpia said. “But when we used the MAP hydrogel, we found that cells can migrate through it, which allows wounds to heal quicker. When we added an antigen in the hydrogel trying to allow the hydrogel to degrade slower, it actually degraded more rapidly, but we found that new hair follicles formed in the center of these wounds, a hallmark of skin regeneration. My lab has been studying why this occurs and trying to use this to our advantage in other models.”
In an unpublished mouse burn wound model study, he and his colleagues excised a wound, but it never healed with regeneration in the center. “We don’t understand why,” he said. But when the researchers used the MAP gel in wounds of hairless mice, they observed the formation of sebaceous glands and hair follicles over the wound beds. “It’s an exciting finding to see hair follicles develop in the center of a wound,” Dr. Scumpia said. He noted that to date, use of the MAP hydrogel has demonstrated tissue regeneration in some of the 27 veterinary cases that have been performed, including for wounds following traumatic injuries or following tumor resections on paws that allowed the pets to avoid amputation.
Clinical trials planned
The first clinical trials of the MAP hydrogel are planned for treating complex diabetic wounds in early 2024 but will likely expand to other difficult-to-treat wounds, including venous stasis ulcers, decubitus ulcers, and use following large surgical resections. Dr. Scumpia and colleagues will also examine the regenerative biomaterial for tissue aesthetics, including dermal and deep tissue filler applications. The next steps in his laboratory, he said, are to combine biomaterials with stem cells, immune factors, or small molecular activators/inhibitors to improve sweat gland, nerve, or hair follicle regeneration.
Dr. Scumpia disclosed that he is a cofounder and shareholder in Tempo Therapeutics. He has also received grant support from the National Institutes of Health, Department of Veteran Affairs, and the LEO Foundation.
CARLSBAD, CALIF. – For the estimated 10 million wounds that clinicians treat in the United States each year resulting from surgical procedures, trauma, burns, and other causes, the best outcome is a scar, a fibrotic dermis with a flattened epidermis that contains no sweat glands, no pilosebaceous units, and impaired nerve function.
But what if the outcome was skin regeneration instead of scar formation? At the annual symposium of the California Society of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Philip O. Scumpia, MD, PhD, described the .
“We’re preprogrammed to undergo scarring,” said Dr. Scumpia, associate professor of dermatology at the University of California, Los Angeles. “Tissue fibrosis is an evolutionary process” where a fibrotic matrix is deposited “as quickly as possible to close the gap caused by an injury,” he noted. “All of the cues in the normal wound healing process result in fibrosis, but we want to move from scarring to tissue regeneration. The goal is to make something that can shift from this evolutionary process, and it’s proven to be inherently difficult.”
Common approaches to wound treatment include simple and advanced dressings, negative pressure, and hyperbaric oxygen. For wounds that persist beyond 30 days, advanced treatment options include decellularized grafts such as placental membranes, amniotic membranes, and acellular dermal matrices. “There are also cellularized grafts such as dressings that contain neonatal dermal fibroblasts,” which are expensive, said Dr. Scumpia, director of dermatopathology at the West Los Angeles VA Medical Center. “There are also semi-synthetic grafts such as single or double layer dermal replacement templates and synthetic dermal substitutes in the form of sheets or foam. All of these can help with wound coverage and help chronic wounds close on their own.”
Meanwhile, tissue regeneration – or efforts to restore tissue to its original functionality – include growth factors, stem cells, or replacement extracellular matrix (skin substitutes), or a combination. “Bioengineered dressings and bioengineered skin substitutes have shown modest improvement in wound healing but not tissue regeneration,” Dr. Scumpia said. “At best, we can accelerate scar formation and close the wound quicker, but nothing has been shown to regenerate tissue.”
Approaches to skin regeneration
Studies from the embryology literature have helped researchers develop better approaches to skin regeneration. For example, fetal skin heals without scarring when injured. “Hairs form from placodes, then sebaceous glands form, and fibroblasts that are part of the papillary mesenchymal body expressing special factors such as engrailed or CRABP1 drive hair follicle formation,” he said. “Many studies have shown that sonic hedgehog signaling, and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling can play a role in the development of new hair follicles. Also, fibroblasts in the dermis can drive hair follicle formation.”
Researchers are also learning about tissue regeneration from mouse models. For example, African spiny mice have been shown to heal regeneratively. “If you make wounds large enough on lab mice, the center heals regeneratively,” Dr. Scumpia said. “What’s interesting is that these same signals are present in embryonic hair follicle development. Why is this important? Who wants a hairy scar? It’s an organized structure that develops in the wound. That can help us understand what we need to put in so that our body regenerates on its own. In mouse models, the immune system has been shown to play a role in regeneration.”
Expanding on initial work conducted at UCLA, Dr. Scumpia and his colleagues founded San Diego-based Tempo Therapeutics, which is commercializing the MAP hydrogel to mimic the natural porosity and stiffness of skin. They sought to develop a new biomaterial, he said, noting that “the skin is porous on a microscale level, allowing cells to infiltrate different areas.” And the problem with existing biomaterials “is that they don’t incorporate into the skin very well,” he explained. “They’re usually stiff and rubbery and can cause a foreign body reaction, which can result in fibrous encapsulation and inflammation.”
[embed:render:related:node:261001]
The MAP hydrogel is composed of randomly packed “microsphere building blocks,” including an amino acid that promotes an immune response. When injected into a wound, the hydrogel forms a porous matrix in the tissue. Surface annealing locks in porosity and tissue grows into porous spaces, which avoids scar formation pathways and enables critical organs to regain function.
During in vivo tests, researchers observed decreases in inflammation compared with traditional hydrogels in the first 48 hours. “In mouse models, we found that if you inject in a hydrogel that has no porosity, the body tries to spit it out, and you have an immune reaction,” Dr. Scumpia said. “But when we used the MAP hydrogel, we found that cells can migrate through it, which allows wounds to heal quicker. When we added an antigen in the hydrogel trying to allow the hydrogel to degrade slower, it actually degraded more rapidly, but we found that new hair follicles formed in the center of these wounds, a hallmark of skin regeneration. My lab has been studying why this occurs and trying to use this to our advantage in other models.”
In an unpublished mouse burn wound model study, he and his colleagues excised a wound, but it never healed with regeneration in the center. “We don’t understand why,” he said. But when the researchers used the MAP gel in wounds of hairless mice, they observed the formation of sebaceous glands and hair follicles over the wound beds. “It’s an exciting finding to see hair follicles develop in the center of a wound,” Dr. Scumpia said. He noted that to date, use of the MAP hydrogel has demonstrated tissue regeneration in some of the 27 veterinary cases that have been performed, including for wounds following traumatic injuries or following tumor resections on paws that allowed the pets to avoid amputation.
Clinical trials planned
The first clinical trials of the MAP hydrogel are planned for treating complex diabetic wounds in early 2024 but will likely expand to other difficult-to-treat wounds, including venous stasis ulcers, decubitus ulcers, and use following large surgical resections. Dr. Scumpia and colleagues will also examine the regenerative biomaterial for tissue aesthetics, including dermal and deep tissue filler applications. The next steps in his laboratory, he said, are to combine biomaterials with stem cells, immune factors, or small molecular activators/inhibitors to improve sweat gland, nerve, or hair follicle regeneration.
Dr. Scumpia disclosed that he is a cofounder and shareholder in Tempo Therapeutics. He has also received grant support from the National Institutes of Health, Department of Veteran Affairs, and the LEO Foundation.
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All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>development of a biomaterial known as microporous annealed particle (MAP) hydrogel, which in preclinical studies has been shown to trigger the immune system lea</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage>298865</teaserImage> <teaser>The first clinical trials for treating complex diabetic wounds are planned for early 2024.</teaser> <title>Novel hydrogel holds promise for skin regeneration</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>im</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>fp</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>pn</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term canonical="true">13</term> <term>21</term> <term>15</term> <term>25</term> </publications> <sections> <term>53</term> <term canonical="true">39313</term> </sections> <topics> <term canonical="true">313</term> <term>40695</term> <term>203</term> </topics> <links> <link> <itemClass qcode="ninat:picture"/> <altRep contenttype="image/jpeg">images/24012379.jpg</altRep> <description role="drol:caption">Dr. Philip O. Scumpia</description> <description role="drol:credit">Dr. Scumpia</description> </link> </links> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>Novel hydrogel holds promise for skin regeneration</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <p><span class="dateline">CARLSBAD, CALIF. </span>– For the estimated 10 million wounds that clinicians treat in the United States each year resulting from surgical procedures, trauma, burns, and other causes, the best outcome is a scar, a fibrotic dermis with a flattened epidermis that contains no sweat glands, no pilosebaceous units, and impaired nerve function.</p> <p>But what if the outcome was skin regeneration instead of scar formation? At the annual symposium of the California Society of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://profiles.ucla.edu/philip.scumpia">Philip O. Scumpia, MD, PhD</a></span>, described the <span class="tag metaDescription">development of a biomaterial known as microporous annealed particle (MAP) hydrogel, which in preclinical studies has been shown to trigger the immune system leading to improved tissue repair and healthier, stronger skin</span>. <br/><br/>“We’re preprogrammed to undergo scarring,” said Dr. Scumpia, associate professor of dermatology at the University of California, Los Angeles. “Tissue fibrosis is an evolutionary process” where a fibrotic matrix is deposited “as quickly as possible to close the gap caused by an injury,” he noted. “All of the cues in the normal wound healing process result in fibrosis, but we want to move from scarring to tissue regeneration. The goal is to make something that can shift from this evolutionary process, and it’s proven to be inherently difficult.”<br/><br/>[[{"fid":"298865","view_mode":"medstat_image_flush_left","fields":{"format":"medstat_image_flush_left","field_file_image_alt_text[und][0][value]":"Dr. Philip O. Scumpia, associate professor of dermatology, UCLA.","field_file_image_credit[und][0][value]":"Dr. Scumpia","field_file_image_caption[und][0][value]":"Dr. Philip O. Scumpia"},"type":"media","attributes":{"class":"media-element file-medstat_image_flush_left"}}]]Common approaches to wound treatment include simple and advanced dressings, negative pressure, and hyperbaric oxygen. For wounds that persist beyond 30 days, advanced treatment options include decellularized grafts such as placental membranes, amniotic membranes, and acellular dermal matrices. “There are also cellularized grafts such as dressings that contain neonatal dermal fibroblasts,” which are expensive, said Dr. Scumpia, director of dermatopathology at the West Los Angeles VA Medical Center. “There are also semi-synthetic grafts such as single or double layer dermal replacement templates and synthetic dermal substitutes in the form of sheets or foam. All of these can help with wound coverage and help chronic wounds close on their own.”<br/><br/>Meanwhile, tissue regeneration – or efforts to restore tissue to its original functionality – include growth factors, stem cells, or replacement extracellular matrix (skin substitutes), or a combination. “Bioengineered dressings and bioengineered skin substitutes have shown modest improvement in wound healing but not tissue regeneration,” Dr. Scumpia said. “At best, we can accelerate scar formation and close the wound quicker, but nothing has been shown to regenerate tissue.”<br/><br/><br/><br/></p> <h2>Approaches to skin regeneration</h2> <p>Studies from the embryology literature have helped researchers develop better approaches to skin regeneration. For example, fetal skin heals without scarring when injured. “Hairs form from placodes, then sebaceous glands form, and fibroblasts that are part of the papillary mesenchymal body expressing special factors such as engrailed or <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/1381">CRABP1</a></span> drive hair follicle formation,” he said. “Many studies have shown that sonic hedgehog signaling, and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling can play a role in the development of new hair follicles. Also, fibroblasts in the dermis can drive hair follicle formation.” </p> <p>Researchers are also learning about tissue regeneration from mouse models. For example, African spiny mice have been shown to heal regeneratively. “If you make wounds large enough on lab mice, the center heals regeneratively,” Dr. Scumpia said. “What’s interesting is that these same signals are present in embryonic hair follicle development. Why is this important? Who wants a hairy scar? It’s an organized structure that develops in the wound. That can help us understand what we need to put in so that our body regenerates on its own. In mouse models, the immune system has been shown to play a role in regeneration.”<br/><br/>Expanding on initial work conducted at UCLA, Dr. Scumpia and his colleagues founded San Diego-based Tempo Therapeutics, which is commercializing the MAP hydrogel to mimic the natural porosity and stiffness of skin. They sought to develop a new biomaterial, he said, noting that “the skin is porous on a microscale level, allowing cells to infiltrate different areas.” And the problem with existing biomaterials “is that they don’t incorporate into the skin very well,” he explained. “They’re usually stiff and rubbery and can cause a foreign body reaction, which can result in fibrous encapsulation and inflammation.”<br/><br/>The MAP hydrogel is composed of randomly packed “microsphere building blocks,” including an amino acid that promotes an immune response. When injected into a wound, the hydrogel forms a porous matrix in the tissue. Surface annealing locks in porosity and tissue grows into porous spaces, which avoids scar formation pathways and enables critical organs to regain function.<br/><br/>During <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4538992/">in vivo tests</a></span>, researchers observed decreases in inflammation compared with traditional hydrogels in the first 48 hours. “In mouse models, we found that if you inject in a hydrogel that has no porosity, the body tries to spit it out, and you have an immune reaction,” Dr. Scumpia said. “But when we used the MAP hydrogel, we found that cells can migrate through it, which allows wounds to heal quicker. When we added an antigen in the hydrogel trying to allow the hydrogel to degrade slower, it actually degraded more rapidly, but <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-020-00844-w#citeas">we found</a></span> that new hair follicles formed in the center of these wounds, a hallmark of skin regeneration. My lab has been studying why this occurs and trying to use this to our advantage in other models.”<br/><br/>In an unpublished mouse burn wound model study, he and his colleagues excised a wound, but it never healed with regeneration in the center. “We don’t understand why,” he said. But when the researchers used the MAP gel in wounds of hairless mice, they observed the formation of sebaceous glands and hair follicles over the wound beds. “It’s an exciting finding to see hair follicles develop in the center of a wound,” Dr. Scumpia said. He noted that to date, use of the MAP hydrogel has demonstrated tissue regeneration in some of the 27 veterinary cases that have been performed, including for wounds following traumatic injuries or following tumor resections on paws that allowed the pets to avoid amputation. <br/><br/></p> <h2>Clinical trials planned</h2> <p>The first clinical trials of the MAP hydrogel are planned for treating complex diabetic wounds in early 2024 but will likely expand to other difficult-to-treat wounds, including venous stasis ulcers, decubitus ulcers, and use following large surgical resections. Dr. Scumpia and colleagues will also examine the regenerative biomaterial for tissue aesthetics, including dermal and deep tissue filler applications. The next steps in his laboratory, he said, are to combine biomaterials with stem cells, immune factors, or small molecular activators/inhibitors to improve sweat gland, nerve, or hair follicle regeneration.</p> <p>Dr. Scumpia disclosed that he is a cofounder and shareholder in Tempo Therapeutics. He has also received grant support from the National Institutes of Health, Department of Veteran Affairs, and the LEO Foundation.</p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>
AT CALDERM 2023
When treating scars, ‘rehabilitation’ is the goal, not perfection
SAN DIEGO – , according to Victor Ross, MD.
“A lot of lip service is paid to how to inject the steroid,” Dr. Ross, director of laser and cosmetic dermatology at the Scripps Clinic in San Diego, said at the annual Masters of Aesthetics Symposium. “The most important part is the amount and the fastidiousness that you have injecting. You should see the tip of the needle and be very slow. Use a 1 cc syringe.” He used to inject scars with triamcinolone acetate 40 mg/mL, but now he almost always injects 10-20 mg/mL to avoid inducing white streak-like atrophy or hypopigmentation around the treated area.
“When you treat a scar, you treat the features of the scar that make it stand out,” Dr. Ross continued. “If it’s red, you address the hyperemia. If it’s brown, you address the pigment. You want to have a reasonable pathophysiological basis for what you’re doing. Understand how the scar got there and have a reasonable algorithm.” When he counsels patients about clinical outcomes to expect, he emphasizes rehabilitation instead of blemish-free perfection. “It’s not making the scar go away,” he said. “It’s not restoring completely normal skin form and function; it’s a restorative effort to get toward normality. That’s what it’s all about.”
[embed:render:related:node:262636]
Besides injecting scars with triamcinolone acetate, other scar treatment options include intralesional 5-fluorouracil, oral antihistamines, COX-2 inhibitors, hydrogel sheeting, compression, acoustic wave therapy, photodynamic therapy, radiofrequency, and lasers. “I’m not a big fan of low-level light; it probably does something [to scars], but I’m skeptical,” Dr. Ross said.
In his clinical opinion, most scars respond best to treatments with ablative and nonablative fractional lasers tuned to gentle settings such as an energy level of 20 millijoules at a density of 5%-10%. “Every scar deserves a chance for laser remediation and rehabilitation,” he said. “With radiation scars you want to be particularly gentle. If you have a Mohs scar that has been subsequently treated with radiation, I would lower my settings by half, because I’ve had some scars worsen with settings for red scars after radiation therapy.”
He often uses fractional lasers for stubborn acne scarring. “The hyperemic component you can treat with a vascular laser, then come back [and treat the scarring] with a nonablative fractional laser, or you could use radiofrequency microneedling as well,” Dr. Ross said.
New or innovative scar treatments coming down the pike, he said, include the following: mitomycin C (applied topically, he said that this has worked well for postoperative keloids), tamoxifen, oral methotrexate, imiquimod (which has mixed results to date), platelet-rich plasma, and retinoids.
Dr. Ross disclosed having research and financial ties to numerous pharmaceutical and device companies.
SAN DIEGO – , according to Victor Ross, MD.
“A lot of lip service is paid to how to inject the steroid,” Dr. Ross, director of laser and cosmetic dermatology at the Scripps Clinic in San Diego, said at the annual Masters of Aesthetics Symposium. “The most important part is the amount and the fastidiousness that you have injecting. You should see the tip of the needle and be very slow. Use a 1 cc syringe.” He used to inject scars with triamcinolone acetate 40 mg/mL, but now he almost always injects 10-20 mg/mL to avoid inducing white streak-like atrophy or hypopigmentation around the treated area.
“When you treat a scar, you treat the features of the scar that make it stand out,” Dr. Ross continued. “If it’s red, you address the hyperemia. If it’s brown, you address the pigment. You want to have a reasonable pathophysiological basis for what you’re doing. Understand how the scar got there and have a reasonable algorithm.” When he counsels patients about clinical outcomes to expect, he emphasizes rehabilitation instead of blemish-free perfection. “It’s not making the scar go away,” he said. “It’s not restoring completely normal skin form and function; it’s a restorative effort to get toward normality. That’s what it’s all about.”
[embed:render:related:node:262636]
Besides injecting scars with triamcinolone acetate, other scar treatment options include intralesional 5-fluorouracil, oral antihistamines, COX-2 inhibitors, hydrogel sheeting, compression, acoustic wave therapy, photodynamic therapy, radiofrequency, and lasers. “I’m not a big fan of low-level light; it probably does something [to scars], but I’m skeptical,” Dr. Ross said.
In his clinical opinion, most scars respond best to treatments with ablative and nonablative fractional lasers tuned to gentle settings such as an energy level of 20 millijoules at a density of 5%-10%. “Every scar deserves a chance for laser remediation and rehabilitation,” he said. “With radiation scars you want to be particularly gentle. If you have a Mohs scar that has been subsequently treated with radiation, I would lower my settings by half, because I’ve had some scars worsen with settings for red scars after radiation therapy.”
He often uses fractional lasers for stubborn acne scarring. “The hyperemic component you can treat with a vascular laser, then come back [and treat the scarring] with a nonablative fractional laser, or you could use radiofrequency microneedling as well,” Dr. Ross said.
New or innovative scar treatments coming down the pike, he said, include the following: mitomycin C (applied topically, he said that this has worked well for postoperative keloids), tamoxifen, oral methotrexate, imiquimod (which has mixed results to date), platelet-rich plasma, and retinoids.
Dr. Ross disclosed having research and financial ties to numerous pharmaceutical and device companies.
SAN DIEGO – , according to Victor Ross, MD.
“A lot of lip service is paid to how to inject the steroid,” Dr. Ross, director of laser and cosmetic dermatology at the Scripps Clinic in San Diego, said at the annual Masters of Aesthetics Symposium. “The most important part is the amount and the fastidiousness that you have injecting. You should see the tip of the needle and be very slow. Use a 1 cc syringe.” He used to inject scars with triamcinolone acetate 40 mg/mL, but now he almost always injects 10-20 mg/mL to avoid inducing white streak-like atrophy or hypopigmentation around the treated area.
“When you treat a scar, you treat the features of the scar that make it stand out,” Dr. Ross continued. “If it’s red, you address the hyperemia. If it’s brown, you address the pigment. You want to have a reasonable pathophysiological basis for what you’re doing. Understand how the scar got there and have a reasonable algorithm.” When he counsels patients about clinical outcomes to expect, he emphasizes rehabilitation instead of blemish-free perfection. “It’s not making the scar go away,” he said. “It’s not restoring completely normal skin form and function; it’s a restorative effort to get toward normality. That’s what it’s all about.”
[embed:render:related:node:262636]
Besides injecting scars with triamcinolone acetate, other scar treatment options include intralesional 5-fluorouracil, oral antihistamines, COX-2 inhibitors, hydrogel sheeting, compression, acoustic wave therapy, photodynamic therapy, radiofrequency, and lasers. “I’m not a big fan of low-level light; it probably does something [to scars], but I’m skeptical,” Dr. Ross said.
In his clinical opinion, most scars respond best to treatments with ablative and nonablative fractional lasers tuned to gentle settings such as an energy level of 20 millijoules at a density of 5%-10%. “Every scar deserves a chance for laser remediation and rehabilitation,” he said. “With radiation scars you want to be particularly gentle. If you have a Mohs scar that has been subsequently treated with radiation, I would lower my settings by half, because I’ve had some scars worsen with settings for red scars after radiation therapy.”
He often uses fractional lasers for stubborn acne scarring. “The hyperemic component you can treat with a vascular laser, then come back [and treat the scarring] with a nonablative fractional laser, or you could use radiofrequency microneedling as well,” Dr. Ross said.
New or innovative scar treatments coming down the pike, he said, include the following: mitomycin C (applied topically, he said that this has worked well for postoperative keloids), tamoxifen, oral methotrexate, imiquimod (which has mixed results to date), platelet-rich plasma, and retinoids.
Dr. Ross disclosed having research and financial ties to numerous pharmaceutical and device companies.
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All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>Injecting a scar with intralesional steroids is a popular way to reduce its size and soften the surrounding tissue, but proper technique matters</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>Most scars respond best to treatments with ablative and nonablative fractional lasers tuned to gentle settings, according to Victor Ross, MD.</teaser> <title>When treating scars, ‘rehabilitation’ is the goal, not perfection</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>fp</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>im</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term canonical="true">13</term> <term>15</term> <term>21</term> </publications> <sections> <term>53</term> <term canonical="true">39313</term> </sections> <topics> <term canonical="true">177</term> <term>40695</term> <term>203</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>When treating scars, ‘rehabilitation’ is the goal, not perfection</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <p><span class="dateline">SAN DIEGO </span>– <span class="tag metaDescription">Injecting a scar with intralesional steroids is a popular way to reduce its size and soften the surrounding tissue, but proper technique matters</span>, according to Victor Ross, MD. </p> <p>“A lot of lip service is paid to how to inject the steroid,” <span class="Hyperlink">Dr. Ross</span>, director of laser and cosmetic dermatology at the Scripps Clinic in San Diego, said at the annual Masters of Aesthetics Symposium. “The most important part is the amount and the fastidiousness that you have injecting. You should see the tip of the needle and be very slow. Use a 1 cc syringe.” He used to inject scars with triamcinolone acetate 40 mg/mL, but now he almost always injects 10-20 mg/mL to avoid inducing white streak-like atrophy or hypopigmentation around the treated area.<br/><br/>“When you treat a scar, you treat the features of the scar that make it stand out,” Dr. Ross continued. “If it’s red, you address the hyperemia. If it’s brown, you address the pigment. You want to have a reasonable pathophysiological basis for what you’re doing. Understand how the scar got there and have a reasonable algorithm.” When he counsels patients about clinical outcomes to expect, he emphasizes rehabilitation instead of blemish-free perfection. “It’s not making the scar go away,” he said. “It’s not restoring completely normal skin form and function; it’s a restorative effort to get toward normality. That’s what it’s all about.”<br/><br/>Besides injecting scars with triamcinolone acetate, other scar treatment options include intralesional 5-fluorouracil, oral antihistamines, COX-2 inhibitors, hydrogel sheeting, compression, acoustic wave therapy, photodynamic therapy, radiofrequency, and lasers. “I’m not a big fan of low-level light; it probably does something [to scars], but I’m skeptical,” Dr. Ross said. <br/><br/>In his clinical opinion, most scars respond best to treatments with ablative and nonablative fractional lasers tuned to gentle settings such as an energy level of 20 millijoules at a density of 5%-10%. “Every scar deserves a chance for laser remediation and rehabilitation,” he said. “With radiation scars you want to be particularly gentle. If you have a Mohs scar that has been subsequently treated with radiation, I would lower my settings by half, because I’ve had some scars worsen with settings for red scars after radiation therapy.”<br/><br/>He often uses fractional lasers for stubborn acne scarring. “The hyperemic component you can treat with a vascular laser, then come back [and treat the scarring] with a nonablative fractional laser, or you could use radiofrequency microneedling as well,” Dr. Ross said.<br/><br/>New or innovative scar treatments coming down the pike, he said, include the following: <span class="Hyperlink">mitomycin C</span> (applied topically, he said that this has worked well for postoperative keloids), <span class="Hyperlink">tamoxifen</span>, oral methotrexate, imiquimod (which has mixed results to date), platelet-rich plasma, and retinoids. <br/><br/>Dr. Ross disclosed having research and financial ties to numerous pharmaceutical and device companies.<span class="end"/></p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>
FROM MOAS 2023
When is antibiotic prophylaxis required for dermatologic surgery?
SAN DIEGO – The need for antibiotic prophylaxis in dermatologic surgery depends on the type of procedure, the patient, what infection you’re trying to keep at bay, and the type of wound, according to Tissa Hata, MD, professor of dermatology at the University of California, San Diego.
Among the many studies in the medical literature that have examined the use of antibiotics to prevent surgical site infections, one study published in 2006 has the largest number of patients to date, Dr. Hata said at a conference on superficial anatomy and cutaneous surgery sponsored by UCSD and Scripps Clinic. In the prospective study of wound infections in patients undergoing dermatologic surgery without prophylactic antibiotics, researchers in Australia prospectively examined 5,091 lesions, mostly nonmelanoma skin cancers, in 2,424 patients over the course of 3 years.
By procedure, the infection rate was highest for skin grafts (8.70%) and wedge excision of the lip or ear (8.57%), followed by skin flap repairs (2.94%), curettage (0.73%), and simple excision and closure (0.54%). By anatomic site, groin excisional surgery had the highest infection rate (10%), followed by surgical procedures below the knee (6.92%), while those performed on the face had a low rate (0.81%). “Based on their analysis, they suggest antibiotic prophylaxis for all procedures below the knee and groin, wedge excisions of the lip and ear, and all skin grafts,” Dr. Hata said.
In 2008, an advisory statement published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology expanded the procedure location and techniques requiring antibiotic prophylaxis to include procedures on the nose and the lower extremity (especially the leg), and for patients with extensive inflammatory disease. According to the statement, in patients without a penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for wedge excision of the lip/ear, flaps on the nose, or all skin grafts include 2 g oral cephalexin or dicloxacillin. In patients with penicillin allergy, the recommended prophylaxis regimen for wedge excision of the lip/ear, flaps on the nose, or all skin grafts include 600 mg oral clindamycin or 500 mg oral azithromycin/clarithromycin.
In the statement, for patients with no penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis regimen for lesions in the groin or on the lower extremities include 2 g oral cephalexin, 1 tablet of oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) DS, or 500 mg of levofloxacin. In patients with penicillin allergy, the recommended prophylaxis regimen for lesions on the groin and lower extremities is 1 tablet of TMP-SMX DS or 500 mg of levofloxacin.
In 2020, a meta-analysis of surgical site infections in patients undergoing Mohs surgery of the ear and nose found that there was no difference in infections in those locations whether patients received oral antibiotic prophylaxis or not. “But the researchers did not specify the type of closure, whether it was a graft or a flap closure,” Dr. Hata commented.
[embed:render:related:node:261001]
Endocarditis prophylaxis
Dr. Hata also discussed antibiotic recommendations for endocarditis prophylaxis, noting that the mortality rate from endocarditis is as high as 76%, and an estimated 40% of affected patients require heart valve replacement within 5-8 years. “But the good news is that fewer than 10 cases have been possibly linked to dermatologic procedures,” she said.
During outpatient dermatologic surgery, the incidence of bacteremia is in the range of 1.9%-3%, similar to the incidence of 2% that occurs spontaneously in healthy adults, according to Dr. Hata. She said that the following activities or procedures pose a much higher risk of bacteremia: mastication (17%-24%), tooth brushing (24%-40%), tooth extraction (60%-90%), and incision and drainage of an abscess (38%).
American Heart Association guidelines from 2007 recommend antibiotic prophylaxis in only the highest-risk categories of patients. These guidelines were updated in 2017 to include patients with transcatheter prosthetic valves and those with prosthetic material in valve repair. “The primary reason for revision of guidelines is that endocarditis is much more likely to result from frequent exposure to random bacteremia associated with daily activity such as brushing our teeth or having a tooth extracted,” Dr. Hata explained. “Prophylaxis may prevent an exceedingly small number of cases. Authors of the guidelines concluded that the risk of antibiotic-associated adverse event exceeds the benefit of prophylactic therapy, and that maintenance of optimal oral health is more important than prophylactic antibiotics.”
The 2017 AHA guidelines recommend antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with the following cardiac conditions: those with a prosthetic cardiac valve including transcatheter-implanted prostheses and homografts; those with previous endocarditis; those with prosthetic material used for heart valve repair, such as annuloplasty rings, chords or clips; cardiac transplantation recipients who develop cardiac valvulopathy; and those with certain types of congenital heart disease, including unrepaired cyanotic CHD, a completely repaired congenital heart defect with a prosthetic material or device during the first 6 months after the procedure, and repaired CHD with residual defects at the site or adjacent to the site of a prosthetic patch or prosthetic device.
Procedures that may require prophylaxis for endocarditis include all dental procedures that involve manipulation of the gingival tissue or the periapical region of teeth or perforation of the oral mucosa, and respiratory tract procedures that involve incision or biopsy of the respiratory mucosa such as tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy. Antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended for procedures involving the gastrointestinal tract or the genitourinary tract unless an active infection is present. As for skin procedures, the guidelines recommend antibiotic prophylaxis for patients in the high-risk category who undergo a surgical procedure that involves infected skin, skin structure, or musculoskeletal tissue.
In the 2017 AHA guidelines, patients with no penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for endocarditis in non-oral sites includes 2 g oral cephalexin or dicloxacillin, while in patients with penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis for endocarditis in non-oral sites includes 600 mg oral clindamycin or 500 mg oral azithromycin/clarithromycin. In patients without a penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis for endocarditis in oral sites is 2 g oral amoxicillin, while in those with penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis in oral sites is 500 mg azithromycin/clarithromycin or doxycycline 100 mg.
“Antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis should be given 30-60 minutes prior to surgery, and a follow-up dose of antibiotics is no longer recommended,” Dr. Hata said. “If you forget [to administer the antibiotics] or the patient forgets, antibiotics may be given up to 2 hours after the procedure.”
Dr. Hata reported having no relevant disclosures.
SAN DIEGO – The need for antibiotic prophylaxis in dermatologic surgery depends on the type of procedure, the patient, what infection you’re trying to keep at bay, and the type of wound, according to Tissa Hata, MD, professor of dermatology at the University of California, San Diego.
Among the many studies in the medical literature that have examined the use of antibiotics to prevent surgical site infections, one study published in 2006 has the largest number of patients to date, Dr. Hata said at a conference on superficial anatomy and cutaneous surgery sponsored by UCSD and Scripps Clinic. In the prospective study of wound infections in patients undergoing dermatologic surgery without prophylactic antibiotics, researchers in Australia prospectively examined 5,091 lesions, mostly nonmelanoma skin cancers, in 2,424 patients over the course of 3 years.
By procedure, the infection rate was highest for skin grafts (8.70%) and wedge excision of the lip or ear (8.57%), followed by skin flap repairs (2.94%), curettage (0.73%), and simple excision and closure (0.54%). By anatomic site, groin excisional surgery had the highest infection rate (10%), followed by surgical procedures below the knee (6.92%), while those performed on the face had a low rate (0.81%). “Based on their analysis, they suggest antibiotic prophylaxis for all procedures below the knee and groin, wedge excisions of the lip and ear, and all skin grafts,” Dr. Hata said.
In 2008, an advisory statement published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology expanded the procedure location and techniques requiring antibiotic prophylaxis to include procedures on the nose and the lower extremity (especially the leg), and for patients with extensive inflammatory disease. According to the statement, in patients without a penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for wedge excision of the lip/ear, flaps on the nose, or all skin grafts include 2 g oral cephalexin or dicloxacillin. In patients with penicillin allergy, the recommended prophylaxis regimen for wedge excision of the lip/ear, flaps on the nose, or all skin grafts include 600 mg oral clindamycin or 500 mg oral azithromycin/clarithromycin.
In the statement, for patients with no penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis regimen for lesions in the groin or on the lower extremities include 2 g oral cephalexin, 1 tablet of oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) DS, or 500 mg of levofloxacin. In patients with penicillin allergy, the recommended prophylaxis regimen for lesions on the groin and lower extremities is 1 tablet of TMP-SMX DS or 500 mg of levofloxacin.
In 2020, a meta-analysis of surgical site infections in patients undergoing Mohs surgery of the ear and nose found that there was no difference in infections in those locations whether patients received oral antibiotic prophylaxis or not. “But the researchers did not specify the type of closure, whether it was a graft or a flap closure,” Dr. Hata commented.
[embed:render:related:node:261001]
Endocarditis prophylaxis
Dr. Hata also discussed antibiotic recommendations for endocarditis prophylaxis, noting that the mortality rate from endocarditis is as high as 76%, and an estimated 40% of affected patients require heart valve replacement within 5-8 years. “But the good news is that fewer than 10 cases have been possibly linked to dermatologic procedures,” she said.
During outpatient dermatologic surgery, the incidence of bacteremia is in the range of 1.9%-3%, similar to the incidence of 2% that occurs spontaneously in healthy adults, according to Dr. Hata. She said that the following activities or procedures pose a much higher risk of bacteremia: mastication (17%-24%), tooth brushing (24%-40%), tooth extraction (60%-90%), and incision and drainage of an abscess (38%).
American Heart Association guidelines from 2007 recommend antibiotic prophylaxis in only the highest-risk categories of patients. These guidelines were updated in 2017 to include patients with transcatheter prosthetic valves and those with prosthetic material in valve repair. “The primary reason for revision of guidelines is that endocarditis is much more likely to result from frequent exposure to random bacteremia associated with daily activity such as brushing our teeth or having a tooth extracted,” Dr. Hata explained. “Prophylaxis may prevent an exceedingly small number of cases. Authors of the guidelines concluded that the risk of antibiotic-associated adverse event exceeds the benefit of prophylactic therapy, and that maintenance of optimal oral health is more important than prophylactic antibiotics.”
The 2017 AHA guidelines recommend antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with the following cardiac conditions: those with a prosthetic cardiac valve including transcatheter-implanted prostheses and homografts; those with previous endocarditis; those with prosthetic material used for heart valve repair, such as annuloplasty rings, chords or clips; cardiac transplantation recipients who develop cardiac valvulopathy; and those with certain types of congenital heart disease, including unrepaired cyanotic CHD, a completely repaired congenital heart defect with a prosthetic material or device during the first 6 months after the procedure, and repaired CHD with residual defects at the site or adjacent to the site of a prosthetic patch or prosthetic device.
Procedures that may require prophylaxis for endocarditis include all dental procedures that involve manipulation of the gingival tissue or the periapical region of teeth or perforation of the oral mucosa, and respiratory tract procedures that involve incision or biopsy of the respiratory mucosa such as tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy. Antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended for procedures involving the gastrointestinal tract or the genitourinary tract unless an active infection is present. As for skin procedures, the guidelines recommend antibiotic prophylaxis for patients in the high-risk category who undergo a surgical procedure that involves infected skin, skin structure, or musculoskeletal tissue.
In the 2017 AHA guidelines, patients with no penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for endocarditis in non-oral sites includes 2 g oral cephalexin or dicloxacillin, while in patients with penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis for endocarditis in non-oral sites includes 600 mg oral clindamycin or 500 mg oral azithromycin/clarithromycin. In patients without a penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis for endocarditis in oral sites is 2 g oral amoxicillin, while in those with penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis in oral sites is 500 mg azithromycin/clarithromycin or doxycycline 100 mg.
“Antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis should be given 30-60 minutes prior to surgery, and a follow-up dose of antibiotics is no longer recommended,” Dr. Hata said. “If you forget [to administer the antibiotics] or the patient forgets, antibiotics may be given up to 2 hours after the procedure.”
Dr. Hata reported having no relevant disclosures.
SAN DIEGO – The need for antibiotic prophylaxis in dermatologic surgery depends on the type of procedure, the patient, what infection you’re trying to keep at bay, and the type of wound, according to Tissa Hata, MD, professor of dermatology at the University of California, San Diego.
Among the many studies in the medical literature that have examined the use of antibiotics to prevent surgical site infections, one study published in 2006 has the largest number of patients to date, Dr. Hata said at a conference on superficial anatomy and cutaneous surgery sponsored by UCSD and Scripps Clinic. In the prospective study of wound infections in patients undergoing dermatologic surgery without prophylactic antibiotics, researchers in Australia prospectively examined 5,091 lesions, mostly nonmelanoma skin cancers, in 2,424 patients over the course of 3 years.
By procedure, the infection rate was highest for skin grafts (8.70%) and wedge excision of the lip or ear (8.57%), followed by skin flap repairs (2.94%), curettage (0.73%), and simple excision and closure (0.54%). By anatomic site, groin excisional surgery had the highest infection rate (10%), followed by surgical procedures below the knee (6.92%), while those performed on the face had a low rate (0.81%). “Based on their analysis, they suggest antibiotic prophylaxis for all procedures below the knee and groin, wedge excisions of the lip and ear, and all skin grafts,” Dr. Hata said.
In 2008, an advisory statement published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology expanded the procedure location and techniques requiring antibiotic prophylaxis to include procedures on the nose and the lower extremity (especially the leg), and for patients with extensive inflammatory disease. According to the statement, in patients without a penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for wedge excision of the lip/ear, flaps on the nose, or all skin grafts include 2 g oral cephalexin or dicloxacillin. In patients with penicillin allergy, the recommended prophylaxis regimen for wedge excision of the lip/ear, flaps on the nose, or all skin grafts include 600 mg oral clindamycin or 500 mg oral azithromycin/clarithromycin.
In the statement, for patients with no penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis regimen for lesions in the groin or on the lower extremities include 2 g oral cephalexin, 1 tablet of oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) DS, or 500 mg of levofloxacin. In patients with penicillin allergy, the recommended prophylaxis regimen for lesions on the groin and lower extremities is 1 tablet of TMP-SMX DS or 500 mg of levofloxacin.
In 2020, a meta-analysis of surgical site infections in patients undergoing Mohs surgery of the ear and nose found that there was no difference in infections in those locations whether patients received oral antibiotic prophylaxis or not. “But the researchers did not specify the type of closure, whether it was a graft or a flap closure,” Dr. Hata commented.
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Endocarditis prophylaxis
Dr. Hata also discussed antibiotic recommendations for endocarditis prophylaxis, noting that the mortality rate from endocarditis is as high as 76%, and an estimated 40% of affected patients require heart valve replacement within 5-8 years. “But the good news is that fewer than 10 cases have been possibly linked to dermatologic procedures,” she said.
During outpatient dermatologic surgery, the incidence of bacteremia is in the range of 1.9%-3%, similar to the incidence of 2% that occurs spontaneously in healthy adults, according to Dr. Hata. She said that the following activities or procedures pose a much higher risk of bacteremia: mastication (17%-24%), tooth brushing (24%-40%), tooth extraction (60%-90%), and incision and drainage of an abscess (38%).
American Heart Association guidelines from 2007 recommend antibiotic prophylaxis in only the highest-risk categories of patients. These guidelines were updated in 2017 to include patients with transcatheter prosthetic valves and those with prosthetic material in valve repair. “The primary reason for revision of guidelines is that endocarditis is much more likely to result from frequent exposure to random bacteremia associated with daily activity such as brushing our teeth or having a tooth extracted,” Dr. Hata explained. “Prophylaxis may prevent an exceedingly small number of cases. Authors of the guidelines concluded that the risk of antibiotic-associated adverse event exceeds the benefit of prophylactic therapy, and that maintenance of optimal oral health is more important than prophylactic antibiotics.”
The 2017 AHA guidelines recommend antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with the following cardiac conditions: those with a prosthetic cardiac valve including transcatheter-implanted prostheses and homografts; those with previous endocarditis; those with prosthetic material used for heart valve repair, such as annuloplasty rings, chords or clips; cardiac transplantation recipients who develop cardiac valvulopathy; and those with certain types of congenital heart disease, including unrepaired cyanotic CHD, a completely repaired congenital heart defect with a prosthetic material or device during the first 6 months after the procedure, and repaired CHD with residual defects at the site or adjacent to the site of a prosthetic patch or prosthetic device.
Procedures that may require prophylaxis for endocarditis include all dental procedures that involve manipulation of the gingival tissue or the periapical region of teeth or perforation of the oral mucosa, and respiratory tract procedures that involve incision or biopsy of the respiratory mucosa such as tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy. Antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended for procedures involving the gastrointestinal tract or the genitourinary tract unless an active infection is present. As for skin procedures, the guidelines recommend antibiotic prophylaxis for patients in the high-risk category who undergo a surgical procedure that involves infected skin, skin structure, or musculoskeletal tissue.
In the 2017 AHA guidelines, patients with no penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for endocarditis in non-oral sites includes 2 g oral cephalexin or dicloxacillin, while in patients with penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis for endocarditis in non-oral sites includes 600 mg oral clindamycin or 500 mg oral azithromycin/clarithromycin. In patients without a penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis for endocarditis in oral sites is 2 g oral amoxicillin, while in those with penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis in oral sites is 500 mg azithromycin/clarithromycin or doxycycline 100 mg.
“Antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis should be given 30-60 minutes prior to surgery, and a follow-up dose of antibiotics is no longer recommended,” Dr. Hata said. “If you forget [to administer the antibiotics] or the patient forgets, antibiotics may be given up to 2 hours after the procedure.”
Dr. Hata reported having no relevant disclosures.
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<root generator="drupal.xsl" gversion="1.7"> <header> <fileName>164672</fileName> <TBEID>0C04BA1D.SIG</TBEID> <TBUniqueIdentifier>MD_0C04BA1D</TBUniqueIdentifier> <newsOrJournal>News</newsOrJournal> <publisherName>Frontline Medical Communications</publisherName> <storyname/> <articleType>2</articleType> <TBLocation>QC Done-All Pubs</TBLocation> <QCDate>20230829T133359</QCDate> <firstPublished>20230829T150138</firstPublished> <LastPublished>20230829T150138</LastPublished> <pubStatus qcode="stat:"/> <embargoDate/> <killDate/> <CMSDate>20230829T150138</CMSDate> <articleSource>AT A CONFERENCE ON SUPERFICIAL ANATOMY AND CUTANEOUS SURGERY </articleSource> <facebookInfo/> <meetingNumber/> <byline>Doug Brunk</byline> <bylineText>DOUG BRUNK</bylineText> <bylineFull>DOUG BRUNK</bylineFull> <bylineTitleText>MDedge News</bylineTitleText> <USOrGlobal/> <wireDocType/> <newsDocType>News</newsDocType> <journalDocType/> <linkLabel/> <pageRange/> <citation/> <quizID/> <indexIssueDate/> <itemClass qcode="ninat:text"/> <provider qcode="provider:imng"> <name>IMNG Medical Media</name> <rightsInfo> <copyrightHolder> <name>Frontline Medical News</name> </copyrightHolder> <copyrightNotice>Copyright (c) 2015 Frontline Medical News, a Frontline Medical Communications Inc. company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>SAN DIEGO – The need for antibiotic prophylaxis in dermatologic surgery depends on the type of procedure, the patient, what infection you’re trying to keep at b</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>A meta-analysis found that the infection rate was highest for skin grafts (8.70%) and wedge excision of the lip or ear (8.57%).</teaser> <title>When is antibiotic prophylaxis required for dermatologic surgery?</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term canonical="true">13</term> </publications> <sections> <term>53</term> <term canonical="true">39313</term> </sections> <topics> <term canonical="true">40695</term> <term>234</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>When is antibiotic prophylaxis required for dermatologic surgery?</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <p><span class="dateline">SAN DIEGO </span>– The need for antibiotic prophylaxis in dermatologic surgery depends on the type of procedure, the patient, what infection you’re trying to keep at bay, and the type of wound, according to <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://providers.ucsd.edu/details/11566/dermatology">Tissa Hata, MD</a></span>, professor of dermatology at the University of California, San Diego.</p> <p>Among the many studies in the medical literature that have examined the use of antibiotics to prevent surgical site infections, one study published in 2006 has the largest number of patients to date, Dr. Hata said at a conference on superficial anatomy and cutaneous surgery sponsored by UCSD and Scripps Clinic. In the <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://journals.lww.com/dermatologicsurgery/Abstract/2006/06000/Prospective_Study_of_Wound_Infections_in.11.aspx">prospective study</a></span> of wound infections in patients undergoing dermatologic surgery without prophylactic antibiotics, researchers in Australia prospectively examined 5,091 lesions, mostly nonmelanoma skin cancers, in 2,424 patients over the course of 3 years.<br/><br/>By procedure, the infection rate was highest for skin grafts (8.70%) and wedge excision of the lip or ear (8.57%), followed by skin flap repairs (2.94%), curettage (0.73%), and simple excision and closure (0.54%). By anatomic site, groin excisional surgery had the highest infection rate (10%), followed by surgical procedures below the knee (6.92%), while those performed on the face had a low rate (0.81%). “Based on their analysis, they suggest antibiotic prophylaxis for all procedures below the knee and groin, wedge excisions of the lip and ear, and all skin grafts,” Dr. Hata said.<br/><br/>In 2008, an <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.jaad.org/article/S0190-9622(08)00536-7/fulltext">advisory statement</a></span> published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology expanded the procedure location and techniques requiring antibiotic prophylaxis to include procedures on the nose and the lower extremity (especially the leg), and for patients with extensive inflammatory disease. According to the statement, in patients without a penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for wedge excision of the lip/ear, flaps on the nose, or all skin grafts include 2 g oral cephalexin or dicloxacillin. In patients with penicillin allergy, the recommended prophylaxis regimen for wedge excision of the lip/ear, flaps on the nose, or all skin grafts include 600 mg oral clindamycin or 500 mg oral azithromycin/clarithromycin.<br/><br/>In the statement, for patients with no penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis regimen for lesions in the groin or on the lower extremities include 2 g oral cephalexin, 1 tablet of oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) DS, or 500 mg of levofloxacin. In patients with penicillin allergy, the recommended prophylaxis regimen for lesions on the groin and lower extremities is 1 tablet of TMP-SMX DS or 500 mg of levofloxacin.<br/><br/>In 2020, a <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://journals.lww.com/dermatologicsurgery/Citation/2020/04000/Oral_and_Intraincisional_Antibiotic_Prophylaxis_in.20.aspx">meta-analysis of surgical site infections</a></span> in patients undergoing Mohs surgery of the ear and nose found that there was no difference in infections in those locations whether patients received oral antibiotic prophylaxis or not. “But the researchers did not specify the type of closure, whether it was a graft or a flap closure,” Dr. Hata commented. <br/><br/><br/><br/><strong>Endocarditis prophylaxis</strong><br/><br/>Dr. Hata also discussed antibiotic recommendations for endocarditis prophylaxis, noting that the mortality rate from endocarditis is as high as 76%, and an estimated 40% of affected patients require heart valve replacement within 5-8 years. “But the good news is that fewer than 10 cases have been possibly linked to dermatologic procedures,” she said.<br/><br/>During outpatient dermatologic surgery, the incidence of bacteremia is in the range of 1.9%-3%, similar to the incidence of 2% that occurs spontaneously in healthy adults, according to Dr. Hata. She said that the following activities or procedures pose a much higher risk of bacteremia: mastication (17%-24%), tooth brushing (24%-40%), tooth extraction (60%-90%), and incision and drainage of an abscess (38%). <br/><br/>American Heart Association <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.183095">guidelines from 2007</a></span> recommend antibiotic prophylaxis in only the highest-risk categories of patients. These guidelines were <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000503">updated in 2017</a></span> to include patients with transcatheter prosthetic valves and those with prosthetic material in valve repair. “The primary reason for revision of guidelines is that endocarditis is much more likely to result from frequent exposure to random bacteremia associated with daily activity such as brushing our teeth or having a tooth extracted,” Dr. Hata explained. “Prophylaxis may prevent an exceedingly small number of cases. Authors of the guidelines concluded that the risk of antibiotic-associated adverse event exceeds the benefit of prophylactic therapy, and that maintenance of optimal oral health is more important than prophylactic antibiotics.”<br/><br/>The 2017 AHA guidelines recommend antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with the following cardiac conditions: those with a prosthetic cardiac valve including transcatheter-implanted prostheses and homografts; those with previous endocarditis; those with prosthetic material used for heart valve repair, such as annuloplasty rings, chords or clips; cardiac transplantation recipients who develop cardiac valvulopathy; and those with certain types of congenital heart disease, including unrepaired cyanotic CHD, a completely repaired congenital heart defect with a prosthetic material or device during the first 6 months after the procedure, and repaired CHD with residual defects at the site or adjacent to the site of a prosthetic patch or prosthetic device.<br/><br/>Procedures that may require prophylaxis for endocarditis include all dental procedures that involve manipulation of the gingival tissue or the periapical region of teeth or perforation of the oral mucosa, and respiratory tract procedures that involve incision or biopsy of the respiratory mucosa such as tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy. Antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended for procedures involving the gastrointestinal tract or the genitourinary tract unless an active infection is present. As for skin procedures, the guidelines recommend antibiotic prophylaxis for patients in the high-risk category who undergo a surgical procedure that involves infected skin, skin structure, or musculoskeletal tissue.<br/><br/>In the 2017 AHA guidelines,<strong> </strong>patients with no penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for endocarditis in non-oral sites includes 2 g oral cephalexin or dicloxacillin, while in patients with penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis for endocarditis in non-oral sites includes 600 mg oral clindamycin or 500 mg oral azithromycin/clarithromycin. In patients without a penicillin allergy, the suggested prophylaxis for endocarditis in oral sites is 2 g oral amoxicillin, while in those with penicillin allergy, the suggested antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis in oral sites is 500 mg azithromycin/clarithromycin or doxycycline 100 mg.<br/><br/>“Antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis should be given 30-60 minutes prior to surgery, and a follow-up dose of antibiotics is no longer recommended,” Dr. Hata said. “If you forget [to administer the antibiotics] or the patient forgets, antibiotics may be given up to 2 hours after the procedure.”<br/><br/>Dr. Hata reported having no relevant disclosures.<span class="end"/></p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>
AT A CONFERENCE ON SUPERFICIAL ANATOMY AND CUTANEOUS SURGERY
Mohs found to confer survival benefit in localized Merkel cell carcinoma
results from a national retrospective cohort study suggest.
The study found that, in patients with pathologically confirmed, localized T1/T2 MCC, “treatment with MMS was associated with an approximately 40% reduction in hazard of death compared with WLE,” reported John A. Carucci, MD, PhD, and colleagues in the department of dermatology at NYU Langone Health, New York. The results provide “preliminary data suggesting that treatment of localized, early-stage MCC with MMS may result in the most optimal patient survival outcomes for this aggressive form of skin cancer,” they added. The study was published online in JAMA Dermatology.
“Although data for keratinocytic nonmelanoma skin cancers have been definitive in demonstrating the advantage of peripheral and deep en face margin assessment over conventional WLE or NME [narrow-margin excision], the data for MCC, likely because of the disease’s rarity and limitations of available data sets, have been mixed,” they wrote.
Results from national studies published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute and the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology found no difference in survival among patients with localized MCC treated with WLE versus MMS. “However, these studies did not have confirmed pathologic node status, a substantial limitation considering that clinically node-negative cases of localized MCC have sentinel lymph node positivity rates ranging from 25% to 40%,” the authors noted.
To evaluate the association of the surgical excision modality and patient survival for pathologically confirmed localized T1/T2 MCC, Dr. Carucci and coauthors examined a cohort of 2,313 patients from the National Cancer Database with T1/T2 MCC diagnosed between Jan. 1, 2004, and Dec. 31, 2018, with pathologically confirmed, negative regional lymph nodes and treated with surgery. Their mean age was 71 years and 57.9% were male. Of the 2,313 patients, 1,452 underwent WLE, 104 underwent MMS, and 757 underwent NME.
The unadjusted analysis revealed that, compared with WLE, excision with MMS had the best unadjusted mean survival rates: 87.4% versus 86.1%, respectively, at 3 years, 84.5% versus 76.9% at 5 years, and 81.8% versus 60.9% at 10 years. Patients treated with NME had similar mean survival rates as those treated with WLE: 84.8% at 3 years, 78.3% at 5 years, and 60.8% at 10 years.
[embed:render:related:node:240966]
Multivariable survival analysis demonstrated that treatment with MMS was associated with significantly improved survival, compared with WLE (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36-0.97; P = .04).
“These data suggest that MMS may provide a survival benefit in the treatment of localized MCC, although further prospective work studying this issue is required,” the authors concluded. “Future directions may also focus on elucidating the benefit of adjuvant radiotherapy in localized cases treated with MMS.”
They acknowledged certain limitations of the study, including the fewer numbers of patients receiving MMS surgery, lack of randomization, and potential for selection bias.
In an interview, Travis W. Blalock, MD, director of dermatologic surgery, Mohs micrographic surgery, and cutaneous oncology at Emory University, Atlanta, who was asked to comment on the study, said that the field of MCC “has undergone rapid and robust transformation over the past 20 years. These changes encompass advancements in diagnosing the condition, identifying linked viruses, and developing systemic treatments.”
The study findings “imply that comprehensive assessment of histologic margins might offer advantages beyond minimizing scars, minimizing functional impact, and reducing the likelihood of local recurrence,” he said.
“It’s beyond doubt,” he added, that the study “furnishes us with yet another set of real-world insights that will undoubtedly influence patient outcomes. These insights serve to bring clarity to the ways in which we can deliver precisely targeted surgical treatment with durable outcomes for localized MCC.”
Patricia M. Richey, MD, director of Mohs surgery at Boston University, who was also asked to comment on the study, added that, because of the nature of the National Cancer Database, “the authors of this study were unfortunately unable to report disease-specific survival or immunosuppression status. That being said, the preliminary data presented are convincing and should result in us further exploring this topic, as well as readdressing and questioning related issues such as whether or not adjuvant radiotherapy is truly beneficial in cases with histologic clearance via Mohs.”
Dr. Carucci reported receiving grant funding from Regeneron for investigator-initiated basic research. No other author disclosures were reported. Neither Dr. Blalock nor Dr. Richey had relevant disclosures.
results from a national retrospective cohort study suggest.
The study found that, in patients with pathologically confirmed, localized T1/T2 MCC, “treatment with MMS was associated with an approximately 40% reduction in hazard of death compared with WLE,” reported John A. Carucci, MD, PhD, and colleagues in the department of dermatology at NYU Langone Health, New York. The results provide “preliminary data suggesting that treatment of localized, early-stage MCC with MMS may result in the most optimal patient survival outcomes for this aggressive form of skin cancer,” they added. The study was published online in JAMA Dermatology.
“Although data for keratinocytic nonmelanoma skin cancers have been definitive in demonstrating the advantage of peripheral and deep en face margin assessment over conventional WLE or NME [narrow-margin excision], the data for MCC, likely because of the disease’s rarity and limitations of available data sets, have been mixed,” they wrote.
Results from national studies published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute and the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology found no difference in survival among patients with localized MCC treated with WLE versus MMS. “However, these studies did not have confirmed pathologic node status, a substantial limitation considering that clinically node-negative cases of localized MCC have sentinel lymph node positivity rates ranging from 25% to 40%,” the authors noted.
To evaluate the association of the surgical excision modality and patient survival for pathologically confirmed localized T1/T2 MCC, Dr. Carucci and coauthors examined a cohort of 2,313 patients from the National Cancer Database with T1/T2 MCC diagnosed between Jan. 1, 2004, and Dec. 31, 2018, with pathologically confirmed, negative regional lymph nodes and treated with surgery. Their mean age was 71 years and 57.9% were male. Of the 2,313 patients, 1,452 underwent WLE, 104 underwent MMS, and 757 underwent NME.
The unadjusted analysis revealed that, compared with WLE, excision with MMS had the best unadjusted mean survival rates: 87.4% versus 86.1%, respectively, at 3 years, 84.5% versus 76.9% at 5 years, and 81.8% versus 60.9% at 10 years. Patients treated with NME had similar mean survival rates as those treated with WLE: 84.8% at 3 years, 78.3% at 5 years, and 60.8% at 10 years.
[embed:render:related:node:240966]
Multivariable survival analysis demonstrated that treatment with MMS was associated with significantly improved survival, compared with WLE (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36-0.97; P = .04).
“These data suggest that MMS may provide a survival benefit in the treatment of localized MCC, although further prospective work studying this issue is required,” the authors concluded. “Future directions may also focus on elucidating the benefit of adjuvant radiotherapy in localized cases treated with MMS.”
They acknowledged certain limitations of the study, including the fewer numbers of patients receiving MMS surgery, lack of randomization, and potential for selection bias.
In an interview, Travis W. Blalock, MD, director of dermatologic surgery, Mohs micrographic surgery, and cutaneous oncology at Emory University, Atlanta, who was asked to comment on the study, said that the field of MCC “has undergone rapid and robust transformation over the past 20 years. These changes encompass advancements in diagnosing the condition, identifying linked viruses, and developing systemic treatments.”
The study findings “imply that comprehensive assessment of histologic margins might offer advantages beyond minimizing scars, minimizing functional impact, and reducing the likelihood of local recurrence,” he said.
“It’s beyond doubt,” he added, that the study “furnishes us with yet another set of real-world insights that will undoubtedly influence patient outcomes. These insights serve to bring clarity to the ways in which we can deliver precisely targeted surgical treatment with durable outcomes for localized MCC.”
Patricia M. Richey, MD, director of Mohs surgery at Boston University, who was also asked to comment on the study, added that, because of the nature of the National Cancer Database, “the authors of this study were unfortunately unable to report disease-specific survival or immunosuppression status. That being said, the preliminary data presented are convincing and should result in us further exploring this topic, as well as readdressing and questioning related issues such as whether or not adjuvant radiotherapy is truly beneficial in cases with histologic clearance via Mohs.”
Dr. Carucci reported receiving grant funding from Regeneron for investigator-initiated basic research. No other author disclosures were reported. Neither Dr. Blalock nor Dr. Richey had relevant disclosures.
results from a national retrospective cohort study suggest.
The study found that, in patients with pathologically confirmed, localized T1/T2 MCC, “treatment with MMS was associated with an approximately 40% reduction in hazard of death compared with WLE,” reported John A. Carucci, MD, PhD, and colleagues in the department of dermatology at NYU Langone Health, New York. The results provide “preliminary data suggesting that treatment of localized, early-stage MCC with MMS may result in the most optimal patient survival outcomes for this aggressive form of skin cancer,” they added. The study was published online in JAMA Dermatology.
“Although data for keratinocytic nonmelanoma skin cancers have been definitive in demonstrating the advantage of peripheral and deep en face margin assessment over conventional WLE or NME [narrow-margin excision], the data for MCC, likely because of the disease’s rarity and limitations of available data sets, have been mixed,” they wrote.
Results from national studies published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute and the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology found no difference in survival among patients with localized MCC treated with WLE versus MMS. “However, these studies did not have confirmed pathologic node status, a substantial limitation considering that clinically node-negative cases of localized MCC have sentinel lymph node positivity rates ranging from 25% to 40%,” the authors noted.
To evaluate the association of the surgical excision modality and patient survival for pathologically confirmed localized T1/T2 MCC, Dr. Carucci and coauthors examined a cohort of 2,313 patients from the National Cancer Database with T1/T2 MCC diagnosed between Jan. 1, 2004, and Dec. 31, 2018, with pathologically confirmed, negative regional lymph nodes and treated with surgery. Their mean age was 71 years and 57.9% were male. Of the 2,313 patients, 1,452 underwent WLE, 104 underwent MMS, and 757 underwent NME.
The unadjusted analysis revealed that, compared with WLE, excision with MMS had the best unadjusted mean survival rates: 87.4% versus 86.1%, respectively, at 3 years, 84.5% versus 76.9% at 5 years, and 81.8% versus 60.9% at 10 years. Patients treated with NME had similar mean survival rates as those treated with WLE: 84.8% at 3 years, 78.3% at 5 years, and 60.8% at 10 years.
[embed:render:related:node:240966]
Multivariable survival analysis demonstrated that treatment with MMS was associated with significantly improved survival, compared with WLE (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36-0.97; P = .04).
“These data suggest that MMS may provide a survival benefit in the treatment of localized MCC, although further prospective work studying this issue is required,” the authors concluded. “Future directions may also focus on elucidating the benefit of adjuvant radiotherapy in localized cases treated with MMS.”
They acknowledged certain limitations of the study, including the fewer numbers of patients receiving MMS surgery, lack of randomization, and potential for selection bias.
In an interview, Travis W. Blalock, MD, director of dermatologic surgery, Mohs micrographic surgery, and cutaneous oncology at Emory University, Atlanta, who was asked to comment on the study, said that the field of MCC “has undergone rapid and robust transformation over the past 20 years. These changes encompass advancements in diagnosing the condition, identifying linked viruses, and developing systemic treatments.”
The study findings “imply that comprehensive assessment of histologic margins might offer advantages beyond minimizing scars, minimizing functional impact, and reducing the likelihood of local recurrence,” he said.
“It’s beyond doubt,” he added, that the study “furnishes us with yet another set of real-world insights that will undoubtedly influence patient outcomes. These insights serve to bring clarity to the ways in which we can deliver precisely targeted surgical treatment with durable outcomes for localized MCC.”
Patricia M. Richey, MD, director of Mohs surgery at Boston University, who was also asked to comment on the study, added that, because of the nature of the National Cancer Database, “the authors of this study were unfortunately unable to report disease-specific survival or immunosuppression status. That being said, the preliminary data presented are convincing and should result in us further exploring this topic, as well as readdressing and questioning related issues such as whether or not adjuvant radiotherapy is truly beneficial in cases with histologic clearance via Mohs.”
Dr. Carucci reported receiving grant funding from Regeneron for investigator-initiated basic research. No other author disclosures were reported. Neither Dr. Blalock nor Dr. Richey had relevant disclosures.
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<root generator="drupal.xsl" gversion="1.7"> <header> <fileName>164821</fileName> <TBEID>0C04BD81.SIG</TBEID> <TBUniqueIdentifier>MD_0C04BD81</TBUniqueIdentifier> <newsOrJournal>News</newsOrJournal> <publisherName>Frontline Medical Communications</publisherName> <storyname/> <articleType>2</articleType> <TBLocation>QC Done-All Pubs</TBLocation> <QCDate>20230824T135636</QCDate> <firstPublished>20230824T150735</firstPublished> <LastPublished>20230824T150735</LastPublished> <pubStatus qcode="stat:"/> <embargoDate/> <killDate/> <CMSDate>20230824T150735</CMSDate> <articleSource>FROM JAMA DERMATOLOGY </articleSource> <facebookInfo/> <meetingNumber/> <byline>Doug Brunk</byline> <bylineText>DOUG BRUNK</bylineText> <bylineFull>DOUG BRUNK</bylineFull> <bylineTitleText>MDedge News</bylineTitleText> <USOrGlobal/> <wireDocType/> <newsDocType>News</newsDocType> <journalDocType/> <linkLabel/> <pageRange/> <citation/> <quizID/> <indexIssueDate/> <itemClass qcode="ninat:text"/> <provider qcode="provider:imng"> <name>IMNG Medical Media</name> <rightsInfo> <copyrightHolder> <name>Frontline Medical News</name> </copyrightHolder> <copyrightNotice>Copyright (c) 2015 Frontline Medical News, a Frontline Medical Communications Inc. company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) may be more effective than wide local excision (WLE) as a surgical treatment for localized T1/T2 Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC),</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>Results provide “preliminary data suggesting that treatment of localized, early-stage MCC with MMS may result in the most optimal patient survival outcomes,” the authors wrote.</teaser> <title>Mohs found to confer survival benefit in localized Merkel cell carcinoma</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>fp</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>oncr</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>im</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term canonical="true">13</term> <term>15</term> <term>31</term> <term>21</term> </publications> <sections> <term>27970</term> <term canonical="true">39313</term> </sections> <topics> <term>245</term> <term canonical="true">40695</term> <term>203</term> <term>263</term> <term>285</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>Mohs found to confer survival benefit in localized Merkel cell carcinoma</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <p><span class="tag metaDescription">Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) may be more effective than wide local excision (WLE) as a surgical treatment for localized T1/T2 Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC),</span> results from a national retrospective cohort study suggest.</p> <p>The study found that, in patients with pathologically confirmed, localized T1/T2 MCC, “treatment with MMS was associated with an approximately 40% reduction in hazard of death compared with WLE,” reported <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://nyulangone.org/doctors/1265520530/john-a-carucci">John A. Carucci, MD, PhD</a></span>, and colleagues in the department of dermatology at NYU Langone Health, New York. The results provide “preliminary data suggesting that treatment of localized, early-stage MCC with MMS may result in the most optimal patient survival outcomes for this aggressive form of skin cancer,” they added. The study was <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/article-abstract/2808884">published online</a></span> in JAMA Dermatology. <br/><br/>“Although data for keratinocytic nonmelanoma skin cancers have been definitive in demonstrating the advantage of peripheral and deep en face margin assessment over conventional WLE or NME [narrow-margin excision], the data for MCC, likely because of the disease’s rarity and limitations of available data sets, have been mixed,” they wrote.<br/><br/>Results from national studies published in the <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://academic.oup.com/jnci/article/109/10/djx052/3573361">Journal of the National Cancer Institute</a></span> and the <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.jaad.org/article/S0190-9622(18)30169-5/fulltext">Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology</a></span> found no difference in survival among patients with localized MCC treated with WLE versus MMS. “However, these studies did not have confirmed pathologic node status, a substantial limitation considering that clinically node-negative cases of localized MCC have sentinel lymph node positivity rates ranging from 25% to 40%,” the authors noted.<br/><br/>To evaluate the association of the surgical excision modality and patient survival for pathologically confirmed localized T1/T2 MCC, Dr. Carucci and coauthors examined a cohort of 2,313 patients from the <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.facs.org/quality-programs/cancer-programs/national-cancer-database/about/">National Cancer Database</a></span> with T1/T2 MCC diagnosed between Jan. 1, 2004, and Dec. 31, 2018, with pathologically confirmed, negative regional lymph nodes and treated with surgery. Their mean age was 71 years and 57.9% were male. Of the 2,313 patients, 1,452 underwent WLE, 104 underwent MMS, and 757 underwent NME.<br/><br/>The unadjusted analysis revealed that, compared with WLE, excision with MMS had the best unadjusted mean survival rates: 87.4% versus 86.1%, respectively, at 3 years, 84.5% versus 76.9% at 5 years, and 81.8% versus 60.9% at 10 years. Patients treated with NME had similar mean survival rates as those treated with WLE: 84.8% at 3 years, 78.3% at 5 years, and 60.8% at 10 years. <br/><br/>Multivariable survival analysis demonstrated that treatment with MMS was associated with significantly improved survival, compared with WLE (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36-0.97; <em>P</em> = .04).<br/><br/>“These data suggest that MMS may provide a survival benefit in the treatment of localized MCC, although further prospective work studying this issue is required,” the authors concluded. “Future directions may also focus on elucidating the benefit of adjuvant radiotherapy in localized cases treated with MMS.”<br/><br/>They acknowledged certain limitations of the study, including the fewer numbers of patients receiving MMS surgery, lack of randomization, and potential for selection bias.<br/><br/>In an interview, <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://winshipcancer.emory.edu/bios/faculty/blalock-travis.html">Travis W. Blalock, MD</a></span>, director of dermatologic surgery, Mohs micrographic surgery, and cutaneous oncology at Emory University, Atlanta, who was asked to comment on the study, said that the field of MCC “has undergone rapid and robust transformation over the past 20 years. These changes encompass advancements in diagnosing the condition, identifying linked viruses, and developing systemic treatments.” <br/><br/>The study findings “imply that comprehensive assessment of histologic margins might offer advantages beyond minimizing scars, minimizing functional impact, and reducing the likelihood of local recurrence,” he said.<br/><br/>“It’s beyond doubt,” he added, that the study “furnishes us with yet another set of real-world insights that will undoubtedly influence patient outcomes. These insights serve to bring clarity to the ways in which we can deliver precisely targeted surgical treatment with durable outcomes for localized MCC.”<br/><br/>Patricia M. Richey, MD, director of Mohs surgery at Boston University, who was also asked to comment on the study, added that, because of the nature of the National Cancer Database, “the authors of this study were unfortunately unable to report disease-specific survival or immunosuppression status. That being said, the preliminary data presented are convincing and should result in us further exploring this topic, as well as readdressing and questioning related issues such as whether or not adjuvant radiotherapy is truly beneficial in cases with histologic clearance via Mohs.”<br/><br/>Dr. Carucci reported receiving grant funding from Regeneron for investigator-initiated basic research. No other author disclosures were reported. Neither Dr. Blalock nor Dr. Richey had relevant disclosures.</p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>
FROM JAMA DERMATOLOGY
New guidelines for laser treatment of cutaneous vascular anomalies
A new practice guideline is setting a standard for doctors who use lasers to treat cutaneous vascular anomalies.
Poor treatment has been an issue in this field because no uniform guidelines existed to inform practice, according to a press release from the American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery.
The laser treatment settings can vary based on the type and location of the birthmark and also the patient’s skin type, which has resulted in an inconsistent approach from clinicians, according to the release.
“For decades, I have observed adverse outcomes from the improper laser treatment of vascular birthmarks,” Linda Rozell-Shannon, PhD, president and founder of the Vascular Birthmarks Foundation said in a statement from ASLMS. “As a result of these guidelines, patient outcomes will be improved.”
[embed:render:related:node:228422]
The guideline, published on the ASLMS website along with supporting videos, was jointly developed by ASLMS, VBF, and an international group of clinicians, marking the first consensus guideline on laser treatments for cutaneous vascular anomalies. It details 32 best practice directives for various scenarios, including advice on safety considerations, additional testing, and when to refer.
“It is important to realize that just because someone is board certified does not mean they are skilled in treating all conditions or using all lasers,” Paul Friedman, MD, a dermatologist in Houston, and former president of ASLMS, said in the ASLMS statement.
Vascular birthmarks are a common condition affecting up to 14% of children, according to VBF. Most are hemangiomas, a buildup of blood vessels that usually appears at birth or within a month after birth. Laser therapy reduces the size and color of the anomalies.
Support for this initiative was provided by Candela Medical.
A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.
A new practice guideline is setting a standard for doctors who use lasers to treat cutaneous vascular anomalies.
Poor treatment has been an issue in this field because no uniform guidelines existed to inform practice, according to a press release from the American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery.
The laser treatment settings can vary based on the type and location of the birthmark and also the patient’s skin type, which has resulted in an inconsistent approach from clinicians, according to the release.
“For decades, I have observed adverse outcomes from the improper laser treatment of vascular birthmarks,” Linda Rozell-Shannon, PhD, president and founder of the Vascular Birthmarks Foundation said in a statement from ASLMS. “As a result of these guidelines, patient outcomes will be improved.”
[embed:render:related:node:228422]
The guideline, published on the ASLMS website along with supporting videos, was jointly developed by ASLMS, VBF, and an international group of clinicians, marking the first consensus guideline on laser treatments for cutaneous vascular anomalies. It details 32 best practice directives for various scenarios, including advice on safety considerations, additional testing, and when to refer.
“It is important to realize that just because someone is board certified does not mean they are skilled in treating all conditions or using all lasers,” Paul Friedman, MD, a dermatologist in Houston, and former president of ASLMS, said in the ASLMS statement.
Vascular birthmarks are a common condition affecting up to 14% of children, according to VBF. Most are hemangiomas, a buildup of blood vessels that usually appears at birth or within a month after birth. Laser therapy reduces the size and color of the anomalies.
Support for this initiative was provided by Candela Medical.
A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.
A new practice guideline is setting a standard for doctors who use lasers to treat cutaneous vascular anomalies.
Poor treatment has been an issue in this field because no uniform guidelines existed to inform practice, according to a press release from the American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery.
The laser treatment settings can vary based on the type and location of the birthmark and also the patient’s skin type, which has resulted in an inconsistent approach from clinicians, according to the release.
“For decades, I have observed adverse outcomes from the improper laser treatment of vascular birthmarks,” Linda Rozell-Shannon, PhD, president and founder of the Vascular Birthmarks Foundation said in a statement from ASLMS. “As a result of these guidelines, patient outcomes will be improved.”
[embed:render:related:node:228422]
The guideline, published on the ASLMS website along with supporting videos, was jointly developed by ASLMS, VBF, and an international group of clinicians, marking the first consensus guideline on laser treatments for cutaneous vascular anomalies. It details 32 best practice directives for various scenarios, including advice on safety considerations, additional testing, and when to refer.
“It is important to realize that just because someone is board certified does not mean they are skilled in treating all conditions or using all lasers,” Paul Friedman, MD, a dermatologist in Houston, and former president of ASLMS, said in the ASLMS statement.
Vascular birthmarks are a common condition affecting up to 14% of children, according to VBF. Most are hemangiomas, a buildup of blood vessels that usually appears at birth or within a month after birth. Laser therapy reduces the size and color of the anomalies.
Support for this initiative was provided by Candela Medical.
A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.
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All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, copied, or otherwise reproduced or distributed without the prior written permission of Frontline Medical Communications Inc.</copyrightNotice> </rightsInfo> </provider> <abstract/> <metaDescription>A new practice guideline is setting a standard for doctors who use lasers to treat cutaneous vascular anomalies.Poor treatment has been an issue in this field b</metaDescription> <articlePDF/> <teaserImage/> <teaser>The guideline details 32 best practice directives for various scenarios.</teaser> <title>New guidelines for laser treatment of cutaneous vascular anomalies</title> <deck/> <disclaimer/> <AuthorList/> <articleURL/> <doi/> <pubMedID/> <publishXMLStatus/> <publishXMLVersion>1</publishXMLVersion> <useEISSN>0</useEISSN> <urgency/> <pubPubdateYear/> <pubPubdateMonth/> <pubPubdateDay/> <pubVolume/> <pubNumber/> <wireChannels/> <primaryCMSID/> <CMSIDs/> <keywords/> <seeAlsos/> <publications_g> <publicationData> <publicationCode>skin</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>fp</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>im</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> <publicationData> <publicationCode>pn</publicationCode> <pubIssueName/> <pubArticleType/> <pubTopics/> <pubCategories/> <pubSections/> </publicationData> </publications_g> <publications> <term canonical="true">13</term> <term>15</term> <term>21</term> <term>25</term> </publications> <sections> <term canonical="true">39313</term> </sections> <topics> <term canonical="true">271</term> <term>40695</term> <term>203</term> </topics> <links/> </header> <itemSet> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>Main</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title>New guidelines for laser treatment of cutaneous vascular anomalies</title> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> <p>A <a href="https://www.aslms.org/docs/default-source/for-professionals/resources/aslms-vbf-patient-booklet.pdf?sfvrsn=ba22f83b_0">new practice guideline</a> is setting a standard for doctors who use lasers to treat <a href="https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1018071-overview">cutaneous vascular anomalies</a>.<br/><br/>Poor treatment has been an issue in this field because no uniform guidelines existed to inform practice, according to a <a href="https://www.aslms.org/for-professionals/professional-resources/aslms-vascular-birthmark-foundation-joint-project">press release</a> from the American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery.<br/><br/>The laser treatment settings can vary based on the type and location of the birthmark and also the patient’s skin type, which has resulted in an inconsistent approach from clinicians, according to the release.<br/><br/>“For decades, I have observed adverse outcomes from the improper laser treatment of vascular birthmarks,” <a href="https://birthmark.org/doctor/dr-linda-rozell-shannon/">Linda Rozell-Shannon, PhD</a>, president and founder of the Vascular Birthmarks Foundation said in a statement from ASLMS. “As a result of these guidelines, patient outcomes will be improved.”<br/><br/>The <a href="https://www.aslms.org/docs/default-source/for-professionals/resources/aslms-vbf-patient-booklet.pdf?sfvrsn=ba22f83b_0">guideline</a>, published on the ASLMS website along with supporting videos, was jointly developed by ASLMS, VBF, and an international group of clinicians, marking the first consensus guideline on laser treatments for cutaneous vascular anomalies. It details 32 best practice directives for various scenarios, including advice on safety considerations, additional testing, and when to refer.<br/><br/>“It is important to realize that just because someone is board certified does not mean they are skilled in treating all conditions or using all lasers,” <a href="https://www.dermlasersurgery.com/our-providers/cosmetic-dermatologist/">Paul Friedman, MD</a>, a dermatologist in Houston, and former president of ASLMS, said in the ASLMS statement.<br/><br/>Vascular birthmarks are a common condition affecting up to 14% of children, according to VBF. Most are <a href="https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1083849-overview">hemangiomas</a>, a buildup of blood vessels that usually appears at birth or within a month after birth. Laser therapy reduces the size and color of the anomalies.<br/><br/>Support for this initiative was provided by Candela Medical.<span class="end"/></p> <p> <em>A version of this article first appeared on <span class="Hyperlink"><a href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/994837">Medscape.com</a></span>.</em> </p> </itemContent> </newsItem> <newsItem> <itemMeta> <itemRole>teaser</itemRole> <itemClass>text</itemClass> <title/> <deck/> </itemMeta> <itemContent> </itemContent> </newsItem> </itemSet></root>